Whittaker Andrea
School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston Qld, Australia.
Reprod Health Matters. 2011 May;19(37):107-16. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(11)37575-1.
This paper gives an overview of the global commercialised market in assisted reproduction treatment in low-resource countries in Asia and raises concerns about access and equity, the potential commercial exploitation of the bodies of subaltern women to service the demand for donated ova and surrogate pregnancy, and the need for protections through regulations. A lack of systematic data about cross-border reproductive care is a significant obstacle to debate and policy intervention. Little is known about the extent, experience or conditions of cross-border reproductive care outside of Europe and the United States. Further research is needed in Asia on the local effects of this trade upon local health systems, couples seeking care, and those women whose body tissues and nurturing capacities facilitate it. More attention needs to be paid to the provision of publicly funded reproductive health services to address the inequitable distribution of treatment and to investigate means to regulate this trade by governments, international NGOs, professional organisations and civil society groups in developing countries. The global trade in assisted reproduction challenges us to balance the rights of individuals to pursue health care across national borders with the rights of those providing services to meet their needs, especially vulnerable groups in situations of economic disparity.
本文概述了亚洲资源匮乏国家辅助生殖治疗的全球商业化市场，并对获取途径与公平性、底层女性身体可能被商业利用以满足捐赠卵子和代孕需求的情况，以及通过监管进行保护的必要性提出了担忧。缺乏关于跨境生殖护理的系统性数据是开展辩论和进行政策干预的重大障碍。对于欧美以外地区跨境生殖护理的范围、经历或状况，人们知之甚少。亚洲需要进一步开展研究，以了解这种贸易对当地卫生系统、寻求治疗的夫妇，以及那些身体组织和孕育能力促成这种贸易的女性所产生的局部影响。需要更加关注提供公共资金支持的生殖健康服务，以解决治疗分配不公的问题，并研究发展中国家政府、国际非政府组织、专业组织和民间社会团体对这种贸易进行监管的手段。辅助生殖的全球贸易促使我们在个人跨境寻求医疗保健的权利与服务提供者满足自身需求（尤其是经济差距状况下的弱势群体）的权利之间找到平衡。
