Department of Pediatric Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht/ Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, the Netherlands.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2011 Jul;165(1):8-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04411.x. Epub 2011 May 11.
The initiation of adaptive immune responses requires antigen presentation to lymphocytes. In particular, dendritic cells (DCs) are equipped with specialized machinery that promote effective display of peptide/major histocompatibility complexes (MHC), rendering them the most potent stimulators of naive T lymphocytes. Antigen cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells is an important mechanism for the development of specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against tumours and viruses that do not infect antigen-presenting cells. Here, we review recent findings concerning antigen cross-presentation to CD8(+) T lymphocytes. Specific subtypes of DCs in the mouse have been defined as being especially endowed for antigen cross-presentation, and a human homologue of these DCs has recently been described. DC vaccination strategies for the prevention and treatment of human diseases have been under investigation in recent years, but have not generally reached satisfying results. We here provide an overview of new findings in antigen cross-presentation research and how they can be used for development of the next generation of human DC vaccines.
适应性免疫反应的启动需要抗原呈递给淋巴细胞。特别是，树突状细胞 (DC) 具有专门的机制，可促进肽/主要组织相容性复合物 (MHC) 的有效呈递，使它们成为最有效的幼稚 T 淋巴细胞刺激物。抗原交叉呈递给 CD8(+) T 细胞是针对未感染抗原呈递细胞的肿瘤和病毒产生特异性细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞 (CTL) 反应的重要机制。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于抗原交叉呈递给 CD8(+) T 淋巴细胞的发现。已经确定了小鼠中特定的 DC 亚类特别适合于抗原交叉呈递，并且最近已经描述了这些 DC 的人类同源物。近年来，人们一直在研究用于预防和治疗人类疾病的 DC 疫苗接种策略，但通常没有取得令人满意的结果。我们在这里概述了抗原交叉呈递研究中的新发现，以及如何将其用于开发下一代人类 DC 疫苗。
