Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
Hereditas. 2011 Apr;148(2):52-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.2011.02208.x. Epub 2011 Mar 17.
Twenty seven accessions of sorghum conserved in the national gene bank of Zambia, representing two of the three agroecological regions of the country, were investigated using simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers in order to determine the extent and distribution of its genetic diversity. We used 10 microsatellite primer-pairs, which generated 2-9 alleles per locus and a total of 44 alleles across the 27 accessions. The observed heterozygosity (Ho(P) ) among the accessions ranged from 0 to 0.19 with an average of 0.04 whereas the average expected heterozygosity (He(P) ) among accessions was 0.07 in line with the fact that sorghum is predominately inbreeder. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 82% of the total genetic variation was attributable to the genetic variation among accessions (F(ST) = 0.824; p < 0.001) whereas the genetic variation within accessions accounted for 18% of the total genetic variation. AMOVA on sorghum accessions grouped based on four ethnic groups (Soli, Chikunda, Lozi and Tonga) associated with collection sites revealed a highly significant variation among groups (23%; p < 0.001). Although cluster analysis grouped most accessions according to their sites of collection, some accessions that originated from the same site were placed under different clusters. In addition to the extent and pattern of genetic diversity, consideration should also be given to other factors such as ecogeographic and ethnic differences when sampling sorghum genetic resources for rational and efficient conservation and utilization in the breeding program.
为了确定赞比亚国家基因库中保存的 27 份高粱材料的遗传多样性程度和分布情况，我们使用简单序列重复（SSR）标记对其进行了研究，这些材料代表了该国三个农业生态区中的两个。我们使用了 10 对微卫星引物，每个位点产生 2-9 个等位基因，总共在 27 个材料中产生了 44 个等位基因。材料间的观测杂合度（Ho(P) ）范围为 0 到 0.19，平均值为 0.04，而材料间的期望杂合度（He(P) ）平均值为 0.07，这与高粱主要为自交种的事实相符。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，82%的总遗传变异归因于材料间的遗传变异（F(ST) = 0.824；p < 0.001），而材料内的遗传变异仅占总遗传变异的 18%。基于与采集地点相关的四个族群（Soli、Chikunda、Lozi 和 Tonga）对高粱材料进行的 AMOVA 分析显示，族群间存在高度显著的变异（23%；p < 0.001）。尽管聚类分析根据采集地点对大多数材料进行了分组，但有些来自同一地点的材料被归入不同的聚类中。除了遗传多样性的程度和模式外，在对高粱遗传资源进行采样以用于合理和有效地保护和利用时，还应考虑其他因素，如生态地理和族群差异。
