Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Jun 15;190(1-3):1045-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.062. Epub 2011 Apr 20.
Drinking water must be disinfected prior to its distribution for human consumption. This water treatment process generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), formed by the interaction of the disinfectant with organic matter, anthropogenic contaminants and inorganic (bromide/iodide) matter naturally present in source water. Due to the potential genotoxic/carcinogenic risk of these DBPs, we have investigated the mutagenic potential of six of such compounds on the thymidine kinase (Tk) gene in the well-validated mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). The MLA quantifies a wide range of genetic alterations affecting the expression of this gene in L5178Y/Tk(+/-)-3.7.2C cells. In this study we selected six emerging DBPs, corresponding to three different chemical classes: halonitromethanes (bromonitromethane and trichloronitromethane), halogenated acetaldehydes (tribromoacetaldehyde and chloral hydrate) and hydroxyfuranones (mucobromic and mucochloric acids), each class including one chlorinated and one brominated form. The results showed that after 4h of treatment, only mucobromic acid increased the frequency of mutant colonies, with a higher proportion of small colonies, which would indicate a clastogenic potential. This is the first study reporting mutagenicity data in mammalian cells for the six selected DBPs.
饮用水在分配供人类消费之前必须进行消毒。这种水处理过程会产生消毒副产物 (DBPs)，由消毒剂与有机物、人为污染物以及天然存在于水源中的无机物质（溴化物/碘化物）相互作用形成。由于这些 DBPs 具有潜在的遗传毒性/致癌风险，我们研究了六种此类化合物对经充分验证的小鼠淋巴瘤试验 (MLA) 中胸苷激酶 (Tk) 基因的诱变潜力。MLA 定量分析了广泛影响 L5178Y/Tk(+/-)-3.7.2C 细胞中该基因表达的各种遗传改变。在这项研究中，我们选择了六种新兴的 DBPs，它们对应于三种不同的化学类别：卤代硝基甲烷（溴代硝基甲烷和三氯硝基甲烷）、卤代乙醛（三溴乙醛和水合氯醛）和羟基呋喃酮（粘溴酸和粘氯酸），每个类别都包括一种氯化形式和一种溴化形式。结果表明，经过 4 小时的处理后，只有粘溴酸增加了突变菌落的频率，其中小菌落的比例更高，这表明具有潜在的断裂基因毒性。这是第一项在哺乳动物细胞中报告六种选定的 DBPs 致突变性数据的研究。
