Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Occup Med (Lond). 2011 Jun;61(4):280-2. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqr039. Epub 2011 May 11.
Occupational skin disease is common and bakery workers are at increased risk of hand dermatitis.
To explore the frequency of, and to identify risk factors for, skin symptoms in a small bakery.
A cross-sectional survey of workers in a small bakery in Scotland, using a self-completed questionnaire regarding skin symptoms over the last 12 months. Additionally, data on self-reported atopy status, glove use and daily hand washing frequencies were obtained. Workers were classed as being at low, medium or high risk of occupational skin disease based on their job titles.
The overall response rate was 85% (52 women, 41 men) with a mean age of 41 (range 17-72). Eleven per cent of bakers, confectioners and packers and 31% of cleaners, cooks and food production workers reported at least one skin symptom. Thirty-three per cent of symptomatic low-risk workers, 50% of symptomatic medium-risk workers and 75% of symptomatic high-risk workers stated their symptoms usually improved away from work. While washing hands more frequently than 20 times a day had an increased risk of skin symptoms, this was not significant [OR 3.5 (95% CI 0.9-13.2)].
There was a high prevalence of skin symptoms among these bakery workers which was more than double that previously reported in UK bakeries. Frequent washing of hands as a risk factor for skin symptoms may warrant further investigation in bakery workers.
职业性皮肤病很常见，面包师患手部皮炎的风险增加。
探索小型面包店工人皮肤症状的发生频率，并确定其危险因素。
对苏格兰一家小型面包店的工人进行横断面调查，使用自我报告的问卷，调查过去 12 个月的皮肤症状。此外，还获得了关于自我报告的特应性状态、手套使用和每日洗手频率的数据。根据工人的工作岗位，将其分为低、中、高职业性皮肤病风险人群。
总应答率为 85%（52 名女性，41 名男性），平均年龄为 41 岁（范围 17-72 岁）。11%的面包师、糖果师和包装工和 31%的清洁工、厨师和食品生产工人报告至少有一种皮肤症状。33%的低风险症状工人、50%的中风险症状工人和 75%的高风险症状工人表示，他们的症状通常在远离工作时会改善。虽然每天洗手超过 20 次会增加皮肤症状的风险，但这并不显著[比值比 3.5（95%置信区间 0.9-13.2)]。
这些面包店工人中皮肤症状的患病率很高，是英国面包店先前报告的两倍多。频繁洗手作为皮肤症状的危险因素可能需要进一步研究。
