Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jul;94(1):218-24. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.110.010249. Epub 2011 May 11.
Coffee is commonly consumed among populations of all ages and conditions. The few studies that have examined the association between coffee consumption and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have obtained conflicting results.
The objective was to assess the association between filtered caffeinated coffee consumption and all-cause and CVD mortality during up to 24 y of follow-up in women with CVD from the Nurses' Health Study.
The Nurses' Health Study included 11,697 women. Coffee consumption was first assessed in 1980 with a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and then repeatedly every 2-4 y. Cumulative consumption was calculated with all available FFQs from the diagnosis of CVD to the end of the follow-up in 2004 to assess long-term effects. In addition, the most recent coffee measurement was related to mortality in the subsequent 2 y to assess shorter-term effects. Analyses were performed by using Cox regression models.
We documented 1159 deaths, of which 579 were due to CVD. The relative risks [RRs (95% CI)] of all-cause mortality across categories of cumulative coffee consumption [<1 cup (240 mL or 8 oz)/mo, 1 cup/mo to 4 cups/wk, 5-7 cups/wk, 2-3 cups/d, and ≥4 cups/d] were 1, 1.04 (0.86, 1.27), 1.13 (0.95, 1.36), 1.01 (0.86, 1.18), and 1.18 (0.89, 1.56), respectively (P for trend = 0.91). The RRs of CVD mortality across the same categories of coffee intake were 1, 0.99 (0.75, 1.31), 1.03 (0.80, 1.35), 0.97 (0.78, 1.21), and 1.25 (0.85, 1.84), respectively (P for trend = 0.76). Similarly, caffeine intake was not associated with total or CVD mortality. Finally, we observed no association of the most recent coffee and caffeine intakes with total and CVD mortality in the subsequent 2 y.
Consumption of filtered caffeinated coffee was not associated with CVD or all-cause mortality in women with CVD.
咖啡在各个年龄段和各种人群中都有广泛的消费。少数研究曾调查过咖啡摄入与心血管疾病（CVD）患者死亡率之间的关系，但结果相互矛盾。
本研究旨在评估护士健康研究中患有 CVD 的女性在长达 24 年的随访期间，摄入过滤咖啡与全因和 CVD 死亡率之间的关联。
护士健康研究纳入了 11697 名女性。1980 年首次使用食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估咖啡摄入情况，随后每 2-4 年重复评估一次。通过从 CVD 诊断到 2004 年随访结束时的所有可用 FFQ 计算累积摄入量，以评估长期影响。此外，将最近的咖啡测量值与随后 2 年的死亡率相关联，以评估短期影响。采用 Cox 回归模型进行分析。
我们记录了 1159 例死亡，其中 579 例归因于 CVD。在累积咖啡摄入量<1 杯（240 毫升或 8 液盎司/月）、1 杯/月至 4 杯/周、5-7 杯/周、2-3 杯/天和≥4 杯/天的亚组中，全因死亡率的相对风险[RR（95%CI）]分别为 1、1.04（0.86，1.27）、1.13（0.95，1.36）、1.01（0.86，1.18）和 1.18（0.89，1.56）（趋势检验 P=0.91）。在相同的咖啡摄入量类别中，CVD 死亡率的 RR 分别为 1、0.99（0.75，1.31）、1.03（0.80，1.35）、0.97（0.78，1.21）和 1.25（0.85，1.84）（趋势检验 P=0.76）。同样，咖啡因摄入量与总死亡率或 CVD 死亡率无关。最后，我们没有观察到最近的咖啡和咖啡因摄入量与随后 2 年内的总死亡率或 CVD 死亡率之间存在关联。
在患有 CVD 的女性中，过滤含咖啡因咖啡的摄入与 CVD 或全因死亡率无关。
