Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer Strasse 20, D-72072 Tübingen, Germany, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
Mol Ecol Resour. 2009 Jan;9(1):150-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02416.x. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
Sweat bees display considerable variation in social organization and a few species, such as Halictus rubicundus, are even facultatively eusocial. Fourteen polymorphic, unlinked microsatellite loci were isolated from H. rubicundus and characterized in 45 females. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 18 (mean 10.1), observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.24 to 0.98 (mean 0.71) and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.24 to 0.98 (mean 0.70). Six or more loci cross-amplified in four other sweat bees. These loci will be useful for the study of social evolution and population genetic structure in H. rubicundus and many other sweat bees.
熊蜂在社会组织方面表现出相当大的变异性，少数物种，如红熊蜂，甚至是兼性真社会性的。从红熊蜂中分离出 14 个多态、不连锁的微卫星基因座，并在 45 只雌蜂中对其进行了特征描述。每个基因座的等位基因数从 2 到 18 个不等（平均 10.1），观测杂合度从 0.24 到 0.98 不等（平均 0.71），预期杂合度从 0.24 到 0.98 不等（平均 0.70）。另外 4 种熊蜂中有 6 个或更多的基因座可以交叉扩增。这些基因座将有助于研究红熊蜂和许多其他熊蜂的社会进化和种群遗传结构。
