基层医疗中无法用医学解释的症状的流行率。

The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in primary care.

机构信息

Department of Clinical Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.

出版信息

Psychosomatics. 2011 May-Jun;52(3):263-71. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2011.01.007.

DOI:10.1016/j.psym.2011.01.007

PMID:21565598

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

There is only a small number of studies dealing with the prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms and somatoform disorder in German primary care practices. Therefore, we aimed to study the prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms and the prevalences and comorbidities of somatoform and other mental disorders.

METHOD

In the initial stage of a two-stage prevalence study, 620 consecutive patients were first screened with a PHQ-15 questionnaire. In the second stage, 308 selected persons were then interviewed in detail.

RESULTS

Medically unexplained symptoms made up two-thirds of all reported symptoms with women, younger persons, and non-native speakers having the highest rates. The 12-months prevalences of somatoform disorders was 22.9%, for affective disorders it was 12.4%, and for anxiety disorders it was 11.4%. Somatoform disorder was comorbid with at least one other mental disorder in 43.2% of the cases. Most frequently, somatoform disorder was comorbid with anxiety or depression. 37.1% of the patients had a mental disorder.

CONCLUSION

Somatoform and other mental disorders are highly common in primary care. In order to support an adequate management of mental and somatoform disorders, general practitioners should consider the influences of gender and cultural background on the development of a mental disorder.

摘要

目的

仅有少数研究涉及德国初级保健实践中未明原因的躯体症状和躯体形式障碍的患病率。因此，我们旨在研究未明原因的躯体症状的患病率以及躯体形式和其他精神障碍的患病率和共病情况。

方法

在一项两阶段患病率研究的初始阶段，首先使用 PHQ-15 问卷对 620 名连续患者进行了筛查。在第二阶段，然后对 308 名选定的人员进行了详细的访谈。

结果

未明原因的躯体症状占所有报告症状的三分之二，女性、年轻人和非母语者的发生率最高。12 个月的躯体形式障碍患病率为 22.9%，情感障碍为 12.4%，焦虑障碍为 11.4%。躯体形式障碍在 43.2%的病例中与至少一种其他精神障碍共病。躯体形式障碍最常与焦虑或抑郁共病。37.1%的患者存在精神障碍。