Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, 2033 K St, NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2011 Jun;101(6):1060-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300070.
We sought to provide data-based estimates of sexual violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and describe risk factors for such violence.
We used nationally representative household survey data from 3436 women selected to answer the domestic violence module who took part in the 2007 DRC Demographic and Health Survey along with population estimates to estimate levels of sexual violence. We used multivariate logistic regression to analyze correlates of sexual violence.
Approximately 1.69 to 1.80 million women reported having been raped in their lifetime (with 407 397-433 785 women reporting having been raped in the preceding 12 months), and approximately 3.07 to 3.37 million women reported experiencing intimate partner sexual violence. Reports of sexual violence were largely independent of individual-level background factors. However, compared with women in Kinshasa, women in Nord-Kivu were significantly more likely to report all types of sexual violence.
Not only is sexual violence more generalized than previously thought, but our findings suggest that future policies and programs should focus on abuse within families and eliminate the acceptance of and impunity surrounding sexual violence nationwide while also maintaining and enhancing efforts to stop militias from perpetrating rape.
我们旨在提供刚果民主共和国（DRC）性暴力的基于数据的估计，并描述这种暴力的风险因素。
我们使用了来自 3436 名妇女的全国代表性家庭调查数据，这些妇女被选中回答家庭暴力模块，她们参加了 2007 年刚果民主共和国人口与健康调查，以及人口估计，以估计性暴力的水平。我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析性暴力的相关性。
大约 169 万至 180 万妇女报告在其一生中遭受过强奸（其中 407397-433785 名妇女报告在过去 12 个月中遭受过强奸），大约 307 万至 337 万妇女报告经历过亲密伴侣的性暴力。性暴力的报告在很大程度上独立于个人层面的背景因素。然而，与金沙萨的妇女相比，北基伍的妇女更有可能报告所有类型的性暴力。
性暴力不仅比以前认为的更为普遍，而且我们的发现表明，未来的政策和方案应侧重于家庭内部的虐待行为，消除全国范围内对性暴力的接受和有罪不罚现象，同时保持和加强努力，制止民兵实施强奸行为。
