Karmakar B, Malkin I, Kobyliansky E
Biological Anthropology Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Kolkata 700 108, India.
Homo. 2011 Aug;62(4):298-306. doi: 10.1016/j.jchb.2011.02.002. Epub 2011 May 14.
Digital patterns of a sample on twins were analyzed to estimate the resemblance between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins and to evaluate the mode of inheritance by the use of maximum likelihood based variance decomposition analysis. MZ twin resemblance of finger pattern types appears to be more pronounced than in DZ twins, which suggests the presence of genetic factors in the forming of fingertip patterns. The most parsimonious model shows twin resemblance in count of all three basic finger patterns on 10 fingers. It has significant dominant genetic variance component across all fingers. In the general model, the dominant genetic variance component proportion is similar for all fingertips (about 60%) and the sibling environmental variance is significantly nonzero, but the proportion between additive and dominant variance components was different. Application of genetic model fitting technique of segregation analyses clearly shows mode of inheritance. A dominant genetic variance component or a specific genetic system modifies the phenotypic expression of the fingertip patterns. The present study provided evidence of strong genetic component in finger pattern types and seems more informative compared to the earlier traditional method of correlation analysis.
分析双胞胎样本的数字模式，以估计同卵双胞胎（MZ）和异卵双胞胎（DZ）之间的相似性，并通过基于最大似然的方差分解分析来评估遗传模式。手指纹型的MZ双胞胎相似性似乎比DZ双胞胎更明显，这表明在指尖纹形成过程中存在遗传因素。最简约的模型显示，10根手指上所有三种基本手指纹型的数量存在双胞胎相似性。它在所有手指上都有显著的显性遗传方差成分。在一般模型中，所有指尖的显性遗传方差成分比例相似（约60%），同胞环境方差显著非零，但加性和显性方差成分之间的比例不同。分离分析的遗传模型拟合技术的应用清楚地显示了遗传模式。显性遗传方差成分或特定的遗传系统改变了指尖纹型的表型表达。本研究提供了手指纹型中存在强大遗传成分的证据，与早期传统的相关分析方法相比，似乎更具信息性。
