Department of Environmental Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, 573-701, South Korea.
Environ Monit Assess. 2012 Apr;184(4):2193-204. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-2109-4. Epub 2011 May 15.
The Korean government recently proposed expanding the number of soil-quality standards to 30 by 2015. The objectives of our study were to construct a reasonable protocol for screening priority soil contaminants for inclusion in the planned soil quality standard expansion. The chemical ranking system of soil pollution substances (CROSS) was first developed to serve as an analytical tool in chemical scoring and ranking of possible soil pollution substances. CROSS incorporates important parameters commonly used in several previous chemical ranking and scoring systems and the new soil pollution parameters. CROSS uses soil-related parameters in its algorithm, including information related to the soil environment, such as soil ecotoxicological data, the soil toxic release inventory (TRI), and soil partitioning coefficients. Soil TRI and monitoring data were incorporated as local specific parameters. In addition, CROSS scores the transportability of chemicals in soil because soil contamination may result in groundwater contamination. Dermal toxicity was used in CROSS only to consider contact with soil. CROSS uses a certainty score to incorporate data uncertainty. CROSS scores the importance of each candidate substance and assigns rankings on the basis of total scores. Cadmium was the most highly ranked. Generally, metals were ranked higher than other substances. Pentachlorophenol, phenol, dieldrin, and methyl tert-butyl ether were ranked the highest among chlorinated compounds, aromatic compounds, pesticides, and others, respectively. The priority substance list generated from CROSS will be used in selecting substances for possible inclusion in the Korean soil quality standard expansion; it will also provide important information for designing a soil-environment management scheme.
韩国政府最近提议到 2015 年将土壤质量标准的数量扩大到 30 项。我们的研究目的是构建一个合理的方案，筛选出计划中土壤质量标准扩展所需要的优先土壤污染物。土壤污染物质化学分级系统（CROSS）最初是作为一种化学评分和可能的土壤污染物质分级的分析工具而开发的。CROSS 纳入了几个先前的化学分级和评分系统以及新的土壤污染参数中常用的重要参数。CROSS 在其算法中使用了与土壤相关的参数，包括与土壤环境相关的信息，如土壤生态毒理学数据、土壤有毒物质释放清单（TRI）和土壤分配系数。土壤 TRI 和监测数据被纳入了当地特定参数。此外，CROSS 还对化学品在土壤中的迁移性进行了评分，因为土壤污染可能会导致地下水污染。CROSS 仅在考虑与土壤接触时使用皮肤毒性。CROSS 使用置信度得分来纳入数据不确定性。CROSS 根据总分对每个候选物质的重要性进行评分和排名。镉的得分最高。一般来说，金属的排名高于其他物质。五氯苯酚、苯酚、狄氏剂和甲基叔丁基醚分别是氯代化合物、芳香族化合物、农药和其他化合物中排名最高的物质。CROSS 生成的优先物质清单将用于选择可能纳入韩国土壤质量标准扩展的物质；它还将为设计土壤环境管理方案提供重要信息。
