Gymnasium Ganderkesee, Am Steinacker 12, 27777 Ganderkesee, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2011 Nov;18(9):1555-66. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0512-6. Epub 2011 May 15.
Pharmaceuticals are an integral part of a dignified life. However, a lack of degradability and threats to the welfare of living beings cause concern due to their emission into the environment. There is also a lack of knowledge about cause and consequence. Therefore, we intend to contribute to the development of educational programmes which should increasingly include the topic 'pharmaceuticals in the environment'.
Considering the current literature, we developed a corresponding series of worksheets (Online Resource) and sample solutions on an introductory level and integrated them into our curriculum.
The material compiled for the worksheets was arranged in a logical order and considers several subtopics. The worksheets aim to support the examination of related aspects such as environmental effects, emissions, wastewater treatment plants, degradation, degradation by-products, advanced oxidation processes, hydraulic retention times, half-life times, biosolids, exposition pathways, precautionary principle, classification schemes for pharmaceuticals and, related to the structure-activity relationship, the design for degradability. The students managed to work on the tasks in an appropriate manner and received a good overview of the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in the environment.
Tasks that were presented to students regarding the topic 'pharmaceuticals in the environment' contributed to a better understanding of the possible risks of medical care on an introductory level. The tasks have been incorporated into a logic series of worksheets (Online Resource) with sample solutions available. Alternatively, the material would be appropriate for the preparation of a corresponding lecture on this topic.
药品是有尊严的生活的一个组成部分。然而，由于其排放到环境中，缺乏可降解性和对生物福利的威胁引起了人们的关注。人们对其原因和后果也缺乏了解。因此，我们希望为教育计划的发展做出贡献，这些计划应越来越多地包括“环境中的药品”这一主题。
考虑到目前的文献，我们在入门水平上开发了相应的一系列工作表（在线资源）和示例解决方案，并将其纳入我们的课程。
为工作表编制的材料是按逻辑顺序排列的，并考虑了几个子主题。工作表旨在支持对相关方面的检查，如环境影响、排放、废水处理厂、降解、降解副产物、高级氧化工艺、水力停留时间、半衰期、生物固体、暴露途径、预防原则、药品分类方案，以及与结构-活性关系相关的可降解性设计。学生能够以适当的方式完成任务，并对环境中药品的发生和命运有了很好的了解。
向学生提出的关于“环境中的药品”这一主题的任务有助于在入门水平上更好地理解医疗保健的可能风险。这些任务已被纳入一个带有示例解决方案的逻辑系列工作表（在线资源）中。或者，该材料也适合于准备关于该主题的相应讲座。
