Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada.
Neuropsychology. 2011 Sep;25(5):634-44. doi: 10.1037/a0023770.
This study explored verbal semantic and episodic memory in children with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy to determine whether they had impairments in both or only 1 aspect of memory, and to examine relations between performance in the 2 domains.
Sixty-six children and adolescents (37 with seizures of left temporal lobe onset, 29 with right-sided onset) were given 4 tasks assessing different aspects of semantic memory (picture naming, fluency, knowledge of facts, knowledge of word meanings) and 2 episodic memory tasks (story recall, word list recall).
High rates of impairments were observed across tasks, and no differences were found related to the laterality of the seizures. Individual patient analyses showed that there was a double dissociation between the 2 aspects of memory in that some children were impaired on episodic but not semantic memory, whereas others showed intact episodic but impaired semantic memory.
This double dissociation suggests that these 2 memory systems may develop independently in the context of temporal lobe pathology, perhaps related to differential effects of dysfunction in the lateral and mesial temporal lobe structures.
本研究旨在探讨单侧颞叶癫痫患儿的言语语义记忆和情景记忆，以确定他们是否存在两种记忆均受损或仅 1 种记忆受损的情况，并检验这两种记忆领域之间的关系。
对 66 名儿童和青少年（左颞叶发作 37 例，右颞叶发作 29 例）进行了 4 项任务评估，分别评估语义记忆的不同方面（图片命名、流畅性、事实知识、词义知识）和 2 项情景记忆任务（故事回忆、单词列表回忆）。
在各项任务中均观察到较高的损伤率，且与发作的侧别无关。对个别患者的分析表明，这两种记忆方面存在双重分离，即一些患儿在情景记忆但不在语义记忆方面受损，而另一些患儿则在情景记忆方面完好但语义记忆受损。
这种双重分离表明，在颞叶病变的背景下，这两种记忆系统可能独立发展，这可能与外侧和内侧颞叶结构功能障碍的不同影响有关。
