Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
Neurol Sci. 2011 Aug;32(4):551-7. doi: 10.1007/s10072-011-0622-4. Epub 2011 May 17.
Despite numerous researches and advances in the present times, delayed cerebral vasospasm remains a severe complication leading to a high mortality and morbidity in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Since the discovery of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in 1980, its role in delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH has been widely investigated as well as in regulation of basic cerebral blood flow, pathophysiology of vasoconstriction and application on prevention and treatment of cerebral vasospasm. Among all the EDRFs, nitric oxide has caught the most attention, and the other substances which display similar properties with characteristics of EDRF such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), potassium ion (K(+)) and methane (CH(4)) have also evoked great interest in the research field. This review provides an overview of recent advances in investigations on the involvement of EDRFs in the regulation of cerebral blood flow, especially in cerebral vasospasm after SAH. Possible therapeutic measures and potential clinical implications for cerebral vasospasm are also summarized.
尽管在当今时代进行了大量的研究和进展，但迟发性脑血管痉挛仍然是导致蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH) 患者死亡率和发病率居高不下的严重并发症。自 1980 年发现内皮衍生松弛因子 (EDRF) 以来，其在 SAH 后迟发性脑血管痉挛中的作用以及对基本脑血流的调节、血管收缩的病理生理学以及预防和治疗脑血管痉挛的应用已得到广泛研究。在所有 EDRFs 中，一氧化氮引起了最多的关注，而具有与 EDRF 相似特性的其他物质，如一氧化碳 (CO)、硫化氢 (H₂S)、过氧化氢 (H₂O₂)、钾离子 (K⁺) 和甲烷 (CH₄)，也在研究领域引起了极大的兴趣。本文综述了 EDRFs 在调节脑血流方面的最新研究进展，特别是在 SAH 后脑血管痉挛中的作用。还总结了可能的治疗措施和对脑血管痉挛的潜在临床意义。
