Research Institute MOVE, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2011 May-Jun;19(3):201-15. doi: 10.1002/erv.1112.
The present study investigated the contribution of a contextual body image perspective to understanding disordered eating in high performance women athletes. Because existing questionnaires were not suitable for measuring body image in the contexts of sport and daily life, we developed the 'Contextual Body Image Questionnaire for Athletes' (CBIQA) in which body image is divided into 'appearance', 'muscularity', 'thin-fat self-evaluations' and 'thin-fat perceived opinions of others', in both contexts. In Study 1, the internal validity and reliability of this questionnaire was established in a general, heterogeneous sample of female sport participants and exercisers. In Study 2, the external validity was determined in a sample of 52 high performance women athletes who mainly participated in aesthetic or endurance sports, 19 of which were classified with and 33 without disordered eating. The results of Study 2 showed that both 'thin-fat self' and 'thin-fat opinions of others' in sport made significant unique contributions to explaining eating disorder variance, indicating the important role of athletic body image. In conclusion, the contextual body image approach seems to be a promising framework for a better understanding of athletes' disordered eating.
本研究探讨了从情境身体意象的角度理解高水平女性运动员饮食失调的作用。由于现有的问卷不适合测量运动和日常生活中的身体意象，我们开发了“运动员情境身体意象问卷”（CBIQA），其中身体意象分为“外貌”、“肌肉”、“自己对瘦胖的评价”和“他人对瘦胖的看法”，这两个方面都是在这两个情境下进行的。在研究 1 中，我们在一个一般的、异质的女性运动参与者和锻炼者样本中确定了该问卷的内部有效性和可靠性。在研究 2 中，我们在 52 名高水平女性运动员的样本中确定了该问卷的外部有效性，其中 19 名被归类为有饮食失调，33 名没有。研究 2 的结果表明，运动中的“瘦胖自我”和“瘦胖他人的看法”都对解释饮食障碍的差异做出了显著的独特贡献，这表明运动身体意象的重要作用。总之，情境身体意象方法似乎是一个很有前途的框架，可以更好地理解运动员的饮食失调。
