Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens University, Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
Nanotoxicology. 2012 Jun;6(4):399-413. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2011.580863. Epub 2011 May 18.
A buccal physiological in vitro testing system for the evaluation of the permeability, the transport route and toxic effects of nanoparticles was developed. Carboxyl polystyrene (CP, 20 nm, 200 nm) and amine modified polystyrene (AP, 200 nm) particles were used as reference particles and characterized in biological media. The permeability through excised porcine buccal mucosa was investigated with Franz diffusion cells. To evaluate the transport route, particle uptake into oral H376 cells was recorded and the cell damage was measured. All particles immediately formed aggregates once dispersed in saliva. 20 nm CP particles permeated the mucus layer and penetrated into the stratum superficiale of the top third region of the epithelium by the transcellular route. The positively-charged 200 nm AP particles permeated the mucus-layer and penetrated into deeper regions of the tissue. By decreasing the temperature to 4°C, particle uptake was inhibited for 20 nm CP and 200 nm AP particles. 200 nm CP particles interacted with the mucus, formed agglomerates and did not penetrate into the epithelium. It can be concluded that the presented system serves as a valuable tool to evaluate the behavior of nanoparticles in the buccal mucosa.
开发了一种用于评估纳米颗粒渗透性、传输途径和毒性作用的口腔生理体外检测系统。羧基聚苯乙烯（CP，20nm，200nm）和胺修饰聚苯乙烯（AP，200nm）颗粒被用作参考颗粒，并在生物介质中进行了表征。使用 Franz 扩散细胞研究了其穿过猪口腔颊黏膜的渗透性能。为了评估传输途径，记录了颗粒进入口腔 H376 细胞的摄取情况，并测量了细胞损伤。所有颗粒一旦在唾液中分散，立即形成聚集体。20nm CP 颗粒穿过黏液层，通过细胞间途径穿透到上皮细胞顶三分之一区域的浅层。带正电荷的 200nm AP 颗粒穿透黏液层并穿透到组织的更深区域。将温度降低至 4°C 可抑制 20nm CP 和 200nm AP 颗粒的颗粒摄取。200nm CP 颗粒与黏液相互作用，形成聚集体，不会穿透上皮细胞。可以得出结论，所提出的系统可作为评估纳米颗粒在口腔颊黏膜中行为的有价值工具。
