Hood Julia E, Friedman Allison L
Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, N.E, Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Sex Health. 2011 Jun;8(2):159-70. doi: 10.1071/SH10070.
Stigma has long accompanied sexually transmissible infections (STI) and hindered prevention and control efforts. It not only acts as a formidable barrier to STI testing, treatment and disclosure, but has a multitude of consequences for the health and quality of life of infected individuals. This review summarises the literature related to STI stigma and offers practical approaches to counter STI-associated stigma through multi-level efforts. Specifically, it describes the key sources that breed and perpetuate stigma, outlines how STI-associated stigma has been conceptualised and measured in the literature, documents the impact of stigma on infected and uninfected individuals, and summarises the stigma reduction strategies recommended in the literature. Gaps in the literature are identified and areas for further research are suggested, along with practical strategies for moving forward.
耻辱感长期以来一直伴随着性传播感染（STI），并阻碍了预防和控制工作。它不仅成为性传播感染检测、治疗和信息披露的巨大障碍，而且对感染者的健康和生活质量产生诸多影响。本综述总结了与性传播感染耻辱感相关的文献，并通过多层次努力提供应对与性传播感染相关耻辱感的实用方法。具体而言，它描述了滋生和延续耻辱感的关键来源，概述了在文献中性传播感染相关耻辱感是如何被概念化和衡量的，记录了耻辱感对感染者和未感染者的影响，并总结了文献中推荐的减少耻辱感的策略。确定了文献中的空白，提出了进一步研究的领域，以及向前推进的实用策略。
