Pecher Diane, Boot Inge, van Dantzig Saskia, Madden Carol J, Huber David E, Zeelenberg René
Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Exp Psychol. 2011;58(6):454-63. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000113.
Previous studies (e.g., Pecher, Zeelenberg, & Wagenmakers, 2005) found that semantic classification performance is better for target words with orthographic neighbors that are mostly from the same semantic class (e.g., living) compared to target words with orthographic neighbors that are mostly from the opposite semantic class (e.g., nonliving). In the present study we investigated the contribution of phonology to orthographic neighborhood effects by comparing effects of phonologically congruent orthographic neighbors (book-hook) to phonologically incongruent orthographic neighbors (sand-wand). The prior presentation of a semantically congruent word produced larger effects on subsequent animacy decisions when the previously presented word was a phonologically congruent neighbor than when it was a phonologically incongruent neighbor. In a second experiment, performance differences between target words with versus without semantically congruent orthographic neighbors were larger if the orthographic neighbors were also phonologically congruent. These results support models of visual word recognition that assume an important role for phonology in cascaded access to meaning.
先前的研究（例如，佩彻、泽伦伯格和瓦根梅克斯，2005年）发现，与那些正字法邻接词大多来自相反语义类别（例如，无生命的）的目标词相比，对于那些正字法邻接词大多来自相同语义类别（例如，有生命的）的目标词，语义分类表现更好。在本研究中，我们通过比较语音一致的正字法邻接词（book - hook）和语音不一致的正字法邻接词（sand - wand）的影响，研究了语音对正字法邻域效应的贡献。当先前呈现的词是语音一致的邻接词时，与它是语音不一致的邻接词相比，语义一致的词的先前呈现对随后的有生命性判断产生了更大的影响。在第二个实验中，如果正字法邻接词在语音上也一致，那么有语义一致的正字法邻接词的目标词和没有语义一致的正字法邻接词的目标词之间的表现差异会更大。这些结果支持了视觉单词识别模型，该模型认为语音在级联式的意义获取中起着重要作用。
