La Vignera Sandro, Condorelli Rosita, Vicari Enzo, D'Agata Rosario, Calogero Aldo E
Section of Endocrinology, Andrology, and Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Systemic Diseases, Catania University, Policlinico G. Rodolico, S Sofia 78th St, Bldg 4, Rm 2C82, 95123 Catania, Italy.
J Androl. 2012 Mar-Apr;33(2):154-61. doi: 10.2164/jandrol.111.013649. Epub 2011 May 19.
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction is high in men of all ages and increases greatly in the elderly. In particular, severity and prevalence both increase with aging. Because erectile dysfunction is a symptom, physicians should diagnose underlying pathologies that might lead to it instead of focusing only on finding a viable treatment. Physical inactivity negatively impacts on erectile function; experimental and clinical exercise interventions have been shown to improve sexual responses and overall cardiovascular health. Several studies have confirmed that combining 2 interventions (Mediterranean diet and physical activity) provides additional benefit to erectile function, likely via reduced metabolic disturbances (eg, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance), decreased visceral adipose tissue, and improvement in vascular function (eg, increased endothelial function). This brief review shows the main clinical evidence of benefits induced by physical activity on erectile and endothelial dysfunction. The literature shows that erectile dysfunction in middle-aged men is often an early event in endothelial damage, and physical activity is able to improve both erectile and endothelial dysfunction. There are conflicting data regarding the effects of exercise on androgen status. In clinical practice it would be recommended to add regular physical activity to balanced diet and drugs to achieve better therapeutic results.
勃起功能障碍在各年龄段男性中都很常见，且在老年人中大幅增加。特别是，其严重程度和患病率均随年龄增长而增加。由于勃起功能障碍是一种症状，医生应诊断可能导致该症状的潜在病理状况，而不是仅专注于寻找可行的治疗方法。缺乏身体活动会对勃起功能产生负面影响；实验和临床运动干预已被证明可改善性反应和整体心血管健康。多项研究证实，将两种干预措施（地中海饮食和身体活动）结合起来对勃起功能有额外益处，可能是通过减少代谢紊乱（如炎症标志物、胰岛素抵抗）、减少内脏脂肪组织以及改善血管功能（如增加内皮功能）来实现的。这篇简短综述展示了身体活动对勃起功能障碍和内皮功能障碍有益的主要临床证据。文献表明，中年男性的勃起功能障碍往往是内皮损伤的早期表现，而身体活动能够改善勃起功能障碍和内皮功能障碍。关于运动对雄激素状态的影响，存在相互矛盾的数据。在临床实践中，建议在均衡饮食和药物治疗的基础上增加规律的身体活动，以取得更好的治疗效果。
