Fuxe K, Agnati L F, Härfstrand A, Zoli M, von Euler G, Grimaldi R, Merlo Pich E, Bjelke B, Eneroth P, Benfenati F
Department of Histology and Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;579:28-67. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb48351.x.
The NPY neurons play an important role in information handling in the CNS by their ability to interact in both wiring and volume transmission at the network, local circuit and synaptic level. The importance of NPY/alpha 2 receptor-receptor interactions in cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and vigilance control is emphasized. Alterations in these receptor-receptor interactions take place in the spontaneously hypertensive rats as well as in the ischemic brain, which may have profound consequences for the information handling and contribute to the functional alterations found in these pathophysiological states. Finally, in the aging brain there appears to exist a marked reduction in NPY transmission line, which may affect higher brain functions, such as learning and memory retrieval. The most impressive result is, however, the indications of a role for NPY in volume transmission, where NPY appears to produce syndromic actions via its conversion into biologically active fragments, which may have preferential actions at Y2 NPY receptors. These syndromic pathways may be altered in the spontaneously hypertensive rat and may be controlled by gonadal steroids and glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid receptors have been demonstrated in all arcuate NPY neurons and all NA/NPY and A/NPY costoring neurons.
NPY神经元通过在网络、局部回路和突触水平上以线路和容积传递的方式进行相互作用，在中枢神经系统的信息处理中发挥重要作用。强调了NPY/α2受体-受体相互作用在心血管、神经内分泌和警觉控制中的重要性。这些受体-受体相互作用的改变发生在自发性高血压大鼠以及缺血性脑中，这可能对信息处理产生深远影响，并导致在这些病理生理状态下发现的功能改变。最后，在衰老的大脑中，NPY传递线路似乎明显减少，这可能会影响更高层次的脑功能，如学习和记忆检索。然而，最令人印象深刻的结果是有迹象表明NPY在容积传递中发挥作用，其中NPY似乎通过转化为生物活性片段而产生综合征样作用，这些片段可能在Y2 NPY受体上具有优先作用。这些综合征样途径在自发性高血压大鼠中可能会发生改变，并且可能受性腺类固醇和糖皮质激素的控制。在所有弓状核NPY神经元以及所有去甲肾上腺素/ NPY和肾上腺素/ NPY共储存神经元中均已证实存在糖皮质激素受体。
