Legakis Ioannis, Syrigos Konstantinos
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Henry Dunant Hospital, Thision, 11851 Athens, Greece.
J Thyroid Res. 2011;2011:384213. doi: 10.4061/2011/384213. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
Recent molecular studies have described a number of abnormalities associated with the progression and dedifferentiation of thyroid carcinoma. These distinct molecular events are often associated with specific stages of tumor development. In particular, remarkable advances have occurred in several major biological areas of thyroid cancer, including the molecular alterations for the loss of radioiodine avidity of thyroid cancer, the pathogenic role of the MAP kinase and PI3K/Akt pathways and their related genetic alterations, and the aberrant methylation of functionally important genes in thyroid tumorigenesis and pathogenesis. Recognition of these features is crucial to the management of patients with thyroid cancer. Novel treatments are being designed based on our enhanced understanding of this disease process.
最近的分子研究描述了一些与甲状腺癌进展和去分化相关的异常情况。这些独特的分子事件通常与肿瘤发展的特定阶段相关。特别是，甲状腺癌的几个主要生物学领域取得了显著进展，包括甲状腺癌放射性碘摄取丧失的分子改变、MAP激酶和PI3K/Akt信号通路的致病作用及其相关基因改变，以及甲状腺肿瘤发生和发病机制中功能重要基因的异常甲基化。认识到这些特征对于甲状腺癌患者的管理至关重要。基于我们对这一疾病过程的深入理解，正在设计新的治疗方法。
