Artham Surya M, Lavie Carl J, Milani Richard V, Anand Rishi G, O'Keefe James H, Ventura Hector O
Ochsner J. 2008 Summer;8(2):49-60.
Omega-3 fatty acid therapy shows great promise in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) diseases, especially coronary heart disease (CHD). In this review, we discuss the evidence available from prospective and retrospective observational epidemiologic studies and controlled clinical trials demonstrating the effects of omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) in primary and especially secondary prevention of major CV events, including CV mortality, fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Significant reductions in total mortality and SCD to the extent of 20% to 50% have been found in studies using doses ranging from 0.85 to 4.0 g/d. We review the compelling evidence that indicates all clinicians should strongly consider therapy with fish oil, specifically eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), for patients with known CV disease and for patients at increased risk for CV disease, particularly patients at increased risk for SCD. The target DHA + EPA consumption levels are about 800 to 1000 mg/d for individuals with known CHD and at least 500 mg/d for individuals without disease.
ω-3脂肪酸疗法在心血管（CV）疾病的一级和二级预防中都显示出巨大的前景，尤其是冠心病（CHD）。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了前瞻性和回顾性观察性流行病学研究以及对照临床试验提供的证据，这些证据证明了ω-3脂肪酸（鱼油）在主要心血管事件的一级预防，尤其是二级预防中的作用，这些主要心血管事件包括心血管疾病死亡率、致命和非致命性心肌梗死（MI）以及心源性猝死（SCD）。在使用剂量范围为0.85至4.0克/天的研究中，发现总死亡率和心源性猝死率显著降低了20%至50%。我们回顾了令人信服的证据，这些证据表明，对于已知患有心血管疾病的患者以及心血管疾病风险增加的患者，特别是心源性猝死风险增加的患者，所有临床医生都应强烈考虑使用鱼油进行治疗，特别是二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。对于已知患有冠心病的个体，目标DHA + EPA消费水平约为800至1000毫克/天，对于未患疾病的个体，至少为500毫克/天。
