Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2012 Feb;121(1):119-28. doi: 10.1037/a0023938. Epub 2011 May 23.
Although selective attention is thought to be impaired in people with schizophrenia (PSZ), prior research has found no deficit in the ability to select one location and withdraw attention from another. PSZ and healthy control subjects (HCS) performed a stimulus detection task in which one, two, or all four peripheral target locations were cued. When one or two locations were cued, both PSZ and HCS responded faster when the target appeared at a cued than uncued location. However, increases in the number of validly cued locations had much more deleterious effects on performance for PSZ than HCS, especially for targets of low contrast whose detection was more dependent on attention. PSZ also responded more slowly in trials with four cued locations relative to trials with one or two invalidly cued locations. Thus, visuospatial attention deficits in schizophrenia arise when broad monitoring is required rather than when attention must be focused narrowly.
尽管人们认为精神分裂症患者（PSZ）的选择性注意力受损，但先前的研究并未发现他们在选择一个位置并将注意力从另一个位置撤回的能力上存在缺陷。PSZ 和健康对照组（HCS）执行了一项刺激检测任务，其中一个、两个或四个外围目标位置被提示。当一个或两个位置被提示时，当目标出现在提示位置而不是未提示位置时，PSZ 和 HCS 的反应速度都更快。然而，有效提示位置数量的增加对 PSZ 的表现影响比对 HCS 的影响更大，尤其是对于对比度较低的目标，其检测更依赖于注意力。PSZ 对四个提示位置的反应也比一个或两个无效提示位置的反应更慢。因此，当需要广泛监测而不是必须将注意力集中在狭窄范围时，精神分裂症患者会出现视空间注意力缺陷。
