Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2011 Dec;48(4):381-90. doi: 10.1037/a0022424. Epub 2011 May 23.
Although the link between client ratings of therapeutic alliance quality and psychotherapy outcome has been well established by previous research, there is still much to be done to clarify what variables are important to clients, particularly men, in the formation of an alliance. Thirty-seven male clients currently undergoing psychotherapy categorized 74 critical incidents for alliance formation in an open-ended manner on the basis of self-perceived relatedness. Multivariate concept-mapping statistical techniques were used to identify the typical way in which the participants conceptualized variables that are important to alliance formation. Nine categories of variables were identified (Bringing out the Issues, Nonverbal Psychotherapist Actions, Emotional Support, Formal Respect, Practical Help, Office Environment, Information, Client Responsibility, and Choice of Professional). Bringing out the Issues emerged as the highest rated and most consistently understood category across the men in this study. The results of this study add to a small but growing body of research on the client's perspective of alliance formation and provide an initial conceptual model of how men understand the variables of common alliance formation. The developed model also provides several hypotheses, which are presented for verification in future research and clinical practice.
虽然之前的研究已经充分证实了患者对治疗联盟质量的评价与心理治疗效果之间的关联，但仍有许多方面需要进一步明确，即对于联盟的形成，哪些变量对患者（尤其是男性患者）而言是重要的。37 名正在接受心理治疗的男性患者根据自我感知的相关性，以开放式的方式对 74 个影响联盟形成的关键事件进行了分类。采用多元概念映射统计技术来确定参与者对影响联盟形成的重要变量的典型概念化方式。确定了九个类别的变量（引出问题、非言语治疗师行为、情感支持、正式尊重、实际帮助、办公环境、信息、患者责任和专业选择）。在本研究中的男性中，引出问题是评分最高且最被一致理解的类别。这项研究的结果增加了关于患者对联盟形成看法的少量但不断增长的研究，并提供了一个关于男性如何理解常见联盟形成变量的初始概念模型。所开发的模型还提出了一些假设，这些假设将在未来的研究和临床实践中进行验证。
