Zhang Xi-Zhou, Yang Xian-Bin, Li Ting-Xuan, Yu Hai-Ying
College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya' an 625014, Sichuan, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 Feb;22(2):369-75.
A pot experiment with 130 wheat cultivars was conducted to study their genotype difference in biomass per plant, nitrogen accumulation, and nitrogen production efficiency under the same level of nitrogen supply, aimed to screen the high efficiency nitrogen-utilizing wheat genotypes. The results showed that the biomass per plant of the cultivars at jointing, heading, and maturing stages was within the ranges of 1.06-3.08 g, 1.88-9.05 g, and 2.64-13.75 g, respectively, and the yield per plant was 1.38-9.90 g. The nitrogen dry matter production efficiency was 25.62-65.41 g x g(-1) N (F = 5.099 * *) at jointing stage and 35.79 - 88.70 g x g(-1) N (F = 5.325 * *) at heading stage, and the nitrogen production efficiency of grain yield was 19.06-38.54 g x g(-1) N (F = 4.669 * *) at maturing stage. There were significant differences in nitrogen dry matter production efficiency (jointing stage, F = 637.941 * *; heading stage, F = 201.173 * *) and nitrogen grain yield production efficiency (maturing stage, F = 443.450 * *), and also, in biomass accumulation among the cultivars, but no significant differences in tiller number and effective tiller number. The wheat genotypes with high nitrogen utilization efficiency had the characteristics of less ineffective tiller, high nitrogen utilization before heading stage, and high effective nitrogen absorption and reuse capability at heading and maturing stage. The grain yields of high nitrogen efficiency genotypes Sheng CXK027-4 and Liangmai 4 were 2.44 times and 1.86 times higher than those of low nitrogen use efficiency genotype 694, and the nitrogen accumulation in grain yields was 2.06 times and 1.81 times higher than that of low nitrogen use efficiency genotype 694, respectively.
进行了一项以130个小麦品种为对象的盆栽试验，研究在相同供氮水平下它们单株生物量、氮素积累和氮素生产效率的基因型差异，旨在筛选高效利用氮素的小麦基因型。结果表明，各品种在拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期的单株生物量分别在1.06 - 3.08克、1.88 - 9.05克和2.64 - 13.75克范围内，单株产量为1.38 - 9.90克。拔节期氮素干物质生产效率为25.62 - 65.41克×克⁻¹氮（F = 5.099 **），抽穗期为35.79 - 88.70克×克⁻¹氮（F = 5.325 **），成熟期籽粒产量的氮素生产效率为19.06 - 38.54克×克⁻¹氮（F = 4.669 **）。品种间氮素干物质生产效率（拔节期，F = 637.941 **；抽穗期，F = 201.173 **）和氮素籽粒产量生产效率（成熟期，F = 443.450 **）以及生物量积累存在显著差异，但分蘖数和有效分蘖数无显著差异。氮素利用效率高的小麦基因型具有无效分蘖少、抽穗前氮素利用效率高以及抽穗期和成熟期有效氮素吸收和再利用能力强的特点。氮素利用效率高的基因型盛CXK027 - 4和良麦4的籽粒产量分别比氮素利用效率低的基因型694高2.44倍和1.86倍，籽粒产量中的氮素积累分别比氮素利用效率低的基因型694高2.06倍和1.81倍。
