School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7JT, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011 May 24;8:47. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-47.
The weather may be a driver of seasonal patterns in children's physical activity (PA). A better understanding of the relationships between weather and PA may help increase children's PA. This study aims to examine the association between PA and rainfall in 9-10 year old children, and how it may be modified by school policies.
1794 participants in the SPEEDY study in Norfolk, UK recorded PA using ActiGraph accelerometers over up to six days in the summer term of 2007. Multilevel regression models were used to determine the day-by-day association between rainfall and minutes spent sedentary, in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and average counts per minute (cpm) over the whole day (07:00-21:00) and the lunchtime period (12:00-14:00). School policies for break times in bad weather were fitted as interaction terms with rainfall.
Relative to days with no rain, children spent 9.4 minutes (95%CI 7.0 to 11.9) fewer in MVPA, were sedentary for 13.6 minutes (8.8 to 18.4) more, and accumulated 85.9 cpm (66.2 to 105.5) fewer over the whole day on the wettest days. Children allowed to play outside in wet weather showed the lowest lunchtime PA levels on the wettest days, undertaking 9.8 minutes (6.2 to 13.5) fewer MVPA, 16.1 minutes (10.3 to 21.9) more sedentary, and accumulating 408.0 cpm (250.9 to 565.1) fewer than those allowed to be active indoors.
Rainfall is negatively associated with PA in primary school children, but providing indoor physical activities in wet weather may help children maintain physical activity levels irrespective of rainfall.
天气可能是儿童身体活动（PA）季节性模式的驱动因素。更好地了解天气和 PA 之间的关系可能有助于增加儿童的 PA。本研究旨在检验 9-10 岁儿童 PA 与降雨量之间的关系，以及学校政策如何改变这种关系。
英国诺福克 SPEEDY 研究中的 1794 名参与者在 2007 年夏季学期使用 ActiGraph 加速度计记录了长达六天的 PA。多水平回归模型用于确定降雨量与每天久坐时间、中高强度 PA（MVPA）时间以及整个白天（07:00-21:00）和午餐时间（12:00-14:00）的每分钟平均计数（cpm）之间的日变化关系。恶劣天气下的课间休息时间的学校政策被拟合为与降雨量的交互项。
与无雨日相比，儿童在 MVPA 中少运动 9.4 分钟（95%CI 7.0 至 11.9），久坐时间多 13.6 分钟（8.8 至 18.4），全天累计 cpm 少 85.9（66.2 至 105.5）。在雨天允许在户外玩耍的儿童在雨天的午餐时间 PA 水平最低，进行的 MVPA 少 9.8 分钟（6.2 至 13.5），久坐时间多 16.1 分钟（10.3 至 21.9），累计 cpm 少 408.0（250.9 至 565.1）。
降雨量与小学生 PA 呈负相关，但在雨天提供室内体育活动可能有助于儿童保持 PA 水平，而与降雨量无关。
