Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
J Psychopharmacol. 2012 May;26(5):733-7. doi: 10.1177/0269881111405359. Epub 2011 May 26.
Ketamine is a N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) antagonist that has been associated with temporary clinical improvement in patients with depression. Studies using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have shown that major depression is associated with decreased levels of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) in the anterior cingulate cortex, which normalize with clinical recovery. The present study aimed to test whether a ketamine infusion would increase cortical Glx levels in healthy volunteers. Healthy volunteers received an intravenous infusion of ketamine (0.5 mg kg⁻¹, n = 8) or saline (n = 9) over 40 minutes. MRS measurements were obtained at baseline, during, and at the end of the infusion. The infusion of ketamine had significant effects on mental state but there was no effect of ketamine on the levels of Glx (F (3,39) = 1.70, p = 0.18) or glutamate (F (3,39) = 48, p = 0.70). This study suggests that the gradual infusion of low-dose ketamine in antidepressant doses not cause changes in cortical glutamate or glutamine in healthy volunteers that are visible by proton MRS.
氯胺酮是一种 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）拮抗剂，它与抑郁症患者的临床症状暂时改善有关。使用磁共振波谱（MRS）的研究表明，重度抑郁症与前扣带皮层谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺（Glx）水平降低有关，这些水平在临床康复后恢复正常。本研究旨在测试氯胺酮输注是否会增加健康志愿者的皮质 Glx 水平。健康志愿者在 40 分钟内静脉输注氯胺酮（0.5mg/kg，n=8）或生理盐水（n=9）。在基线、输注期间和输注结束时进行 MRS 测量。氯胺酮输注对精神状态有显著影响，但氯胺酮对 Glx 水平（F（3,39）=1.70，p=0.18）或谷氨酸（F（3,39）=48，p=0.70）水平没有影响。本研究表明，在抗抑郁剂量下，以逐渐输注低剂量氯胺酮的方式，不会导致质子 MRS 可见的健康志愿者皮质谷氨酸或谷氨酰胺发生变化。
