Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK.
Virus Res. 2011 Aug;159(2):183-93. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.04.027. Epub 2011 May 18.
A full understanding of plant virus epidemiology requires studies at different scales of integration: from within-plant cell processes to vector population dynamics, behaviour and broader ecological interactions. Vectors respond to cues derived from plants (both healthy and virus-infected), from natural enemies and from other environmental influences, and these directly affect the temporal and spatial patterns of disease development. The key element in linking these scales is the transmission process and the determining factors involved. We use a mathematical model to show how the presence of natural enemies, by increasing virus transmission, can increase the rate of virus disease development while at the same time reducing vector population size, supporting recent empirical evidence obtained in microcosm studies. The implication of this work is that biological control of arthropod pests, which are also virus vectors, using parasitoid wasps, may have unanticipated and negative effects in terms of increased incidence of virus disease.
要全面了解植物病毒流行病学，需要在不同的整合尺度上进行研究：从植物细胞内的过程到介体种群动态、行为和更广泛的生态相互作用。介体会对来自植物（健康和感染病毒的植物）、来自自然天敌和其他环境影响的线索做出反应，这些线索直接影响疾病发展的时间和空间模式。连接这些尺度的关键因素是传播过程和所涉及的决定因素。我们使用一个数学模型来展示，自然天敌的存在如何通过增加病毒传播来增加病毒疾病发展的速度，同时减少介体种群数量，这支持了在微观研究中获得的最近的经验证据。这项工作的意义在于，使用寄生蜂对节肢动物害虫（也是病毒介体）进行生物防治，可能会对病毒病发病率的增加产生意想不到的负面影响。
