Center for Sexual Function/Department of Endocrinology, Lahey Clinic, Northshore One Essex Center Drive, Peabody, MA 01960, USA.
Urol Clin North Am. 2011 May;38(2):175-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2011.02.004. Epub 2011 Apr 3.
The most common cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) is penile vascular insufficiency. This is usually part of a generalized endothelial dysfunction and is related to several conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. These conditions underlie the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency (TD), is an integral component of the pathology underlying endothelial dysfunction and MetS, with insulin resistance (IR) at its core. Testosterone replacement therapy for TD has been shown to ameliorate some of the components of the MetS, improve IR, and may serve as treatment for decreasing cardiovascular and ED risk.
勃起功能障碍（ED）最常见的原因是阴茎血管功能不全。这通常是全身性内皮功能障碍的一部分，与多种情况有关，包括 2 型糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症和肥胖。这些情况是代谢综合征（MetS）病理生理学的基础。性腺功能减退症或睾酮缺乏症（TD）是内皮功能障碍和 MetS 病理基础的一个组成部分，其核心是胰岛素抵抗（IR）。TD 的睾酮替代疗法已被证明可改善 MetS 的一些成分，改善 IR，并可能作为降低心血管和 ED 风险的治疗方法。
