Sugimura Haruhiko, Tao Hong, Suzuki Masaya, Mori Hiroki, Tsuboi Masaru, Matsuura Shun, Goto Masanori, Shinmura Kazuya, Ozawa Takachika, Tanioka Fumihiko, Sato Naomi, Matsushima Yoshitaka, Kageyama Shinji, Funai Kazuhito, Chou Pei-Hsin, Matsuda Tomonari
Department of Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2011 Jun 1;3(4):1463-77. doi: 10.2741/237.
Lung cancer is a highly environmental disease, but cancer researchers have long been interested in investigating genetic susceptibility to lung cancer. This paper is a historical review and provides updated perspectives on lung cancer susceptibility research. The recent introduction of easier genotyping methods and the availability of an almost complete human genome database facilitated the association study to thousands of cases and controls for millions of genetic markers. Discoveries in the field of behavior genetics, that is, the genetic aspects of smoking behavior and nicotine addiction, unexpectedly indicated that polymorphisms in the human central nervous system play an important role in eventually leading to lung cancer. These findings were achieved by using comprehensive approaches, such as a genome, transcriptome, or proteome approach, and the studies were often conducted without a hypothesis. Another-omics approach, the "adductome" or "exposome" approach to how life style information can be integrated into the framework of genetic association studies, has recently emerged. These new paradigms will influence the area of lung cancer risk evaluation in genome cohort studies.
肺癌是一种受环境影响很大的疾病，但癌症研究人员长期以来一直对研究肺癌的遗传易感性感兴趣。本文是一篇历史综述，提供了关于肺癌易感性研究的最新观点。最近更简便的基因分型方法的引入以及几乎完整的人类基因组数据库的可得性，推动了针对数千例病例和对照以及数百万个遗传标记的关联研究。行为遗传学领域的发现，即吸烟行为和尼古丁成瘾的遗传方面，意外地表明人类中枢神经系统中的多态性在最终导致肺癌方面起着重要作用。这些发现是通过使用综合方法取得的，如基因组、转录组或蛋白质组方法，而且这些研究通常是在没有假设的情况下进行的。另一种组学方法，即“加合物组”或“暴露组”方法，涉及如何将生活方式信息整合到遗传关联研究框架中，最近已经出现。这些新的范式将影响基因组队列研究中的肺癌风险评估领域。
