Orthodontic Graduate Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2011 Jun;142(6):635-45. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0245.
Researchers have conducted extensive studies regarding dentoalveolar factors that affect anterior dental esthetics; however, there is no consensus regarding laypeople's perspectives on these factors.
The authors conducted a systematic search of electronic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science) until May 2010. They identified and selected articles in which investigators explored anterior dental esthetics from a layperson's perspective, and they assigned methodological scores to the studies.
Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. The authors determined laypeople's preferences for tooth shape, tooth size and proportion, and incisor position.
The results of this literature review show that laypeople did not discriminate between square, square-round (basically square with rounded mesioincisal and distoincisal angles) and round incisors or between canine shapes when displayed in photographs of female models. They preferred square-round incisors to square incisors and flat canines (when paired with round incisors) in photographs of male models. Most laypeople appeared to prefer unworn dentitions, small teeth in photographs of female models and large teeth in photographs of male models, width-to-length ratios in central incisors between 75 and 85 percent, and tooth-to-tooth proportions between the lateral and central incisors between 50 and 74 percent. Laypeople discerned a 10° angulation of one or both central incisors as being less attractive. Significant discrepancies in perceptions existed for incisal edges. Most laypeople preferred an overbite of 2.0 millimeters, with some leeway (around 2 mm). The authors noted that laypeople had a preference for no diastemas.
Laypeople have varying degrees of sensitivity to certain esthetic issues. Thus, clinicians can expect their patients to be more attentive to some dental esthetic factors than to others.
研究人员对影响前牙美观的齿槽因素进行了广泛研究，但对于普通大众对这些因素的看法尚未达成共识。
作者对电子数据库（MEDLINE、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science）进行了系统检索，检索时间截至 2010 年 5 月。他们筛选出了从普通大众视角研究前牙美观的文章，并对这些研究进行了方法学评分。
17 篇文章符合纳入标准。作者确定了普通大众对牙齿形状、牙齿大小和比例以及切牙位置的偏好。
本文献综述结果表明，普通大众在照片中无法区分方形、方圆形（基本上是方形，近中切角和远中切角为圆形）和圆形切牙，也无法区分犬齿形状。在男性模型的照片中，他们更喜欢方圆形切牙而不是方形切牙和平坦犬齿（与圆形切牙搭配）。大多数普通大众似乎更喜欢未经磨损的牙齿，在女性模型的照片中更喜欢小牙齿，在男性模型的照片中更喜欢大牙齿，中切牙的宽高比在 75%至 85%之间，侧切牙和中切牙之间的牙齿比例在 50%至 74%之间。普通大众认为 10°的一个或两个中切牙角度不那么吸引人。切缘角度存在显著的感知差异。大多数普通大众更喜欢 2.0 毫米的覆合，有一定的回旋余地（约 2 毫米）。作者指出，普通大众更喜欢没有间隙。
普通大众对某些美观问题的敏感度不同。因此，临床医生可以预计他们的患者对某些牙齿美观因素比其他因素更为关注。
