Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2012 Jan;67(1):17-27. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glr042. Epub 2011 Jun 2.
Caloric restriction and physical exercise have proven beneficial against age-associated changes in body composition and declining physical performance; however, little is known regarding what benefit these interventions might have when initiated late in life. The study of mimetics of diet and exercise and the combination thereof may provide additional treatments for a vulnerable elderly population; however, how and when to initiate such interventions requires consideration in developing the most safe and efficacious treatment strategies. In this review, we focus on preclinical late-life intervention studies, which assess the relationship between physical function, sarcopenia, and body composition. We provide a conceptual framework for the ever-changing definition of sarcopenia and a rationale for the use of an appropriate rodent model of this condition. We finish by providing our perspective regarding the implications of this body of work and future areas of research that may also contribute to the ultimate goal of extending healthspan.
热量限制和体育锻炼已被证明对与年龄相关的身体成分变化和身体机能下降有积极作用；然而，对于这些干预措施在生命晚期开始时可能会有什么益处，我们知之甚少。模拟饮食和运动及其组合的研究可能为脆弱的老年人群提供额外的治疗方法；然而，如何以及何时开始这些干预措施需要在制定最安全和最有效的治疗策略时加以考虑。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注评估身体机能、肌肉减少症和身体成分之间关系的生命后期干预的临床前研究。我们为不断变化的肌肉减少症定义提供了一个概念框架，并为使用这种疾病的适当啮齿动物模型提供了一个基本原理。最后，我们就这方面工作的意义以及未来可能有助于延长健康寿命的研究领域提出了我们的看法。
