Buford Thomas W
Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Ageing Res Rev. 2016 Mar;26:96-111. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.01.007. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition with numerous health risks, and the incidence of hypertension is greatest among older adults. Traditional discussions of hypertension have largely focused on the risks for cardiovascular disease and associated events. However, there are a number of collateral effects, including risks for dementia, physical disability, and falls/fractures which are increasingly garnering attention in the hypertension literature. Several key mechanisms--including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction--are common to biologic aging and hypertension development and appear to have key mechanistic roles in the development of the cardiovascular and collateral risks of late-life hypertension. The objective of the present review is to highlight the multi-dimensional risks of hypertension among older adults and discuss potential strategies for treatment and future areas of research for improving overall care for older adults with hypertension.
高血压是一种普遍存在且伴有众多健康风险的疾病，其发病率在老年人中最高。传统上对高血压的讨论主要集中在心血管疾病及相关事件的风险上。然而，还有许多附带影响，包括痴呆、身体残疾以及跌倒/骨折的风险，这些在高血压相关文献中越来越受到关注。包括炎症、氧化应激和内皮功能障碍在内的几个关键机制在生物衰老和高血压发展过程中是常见的，并且似乎在老年高血压的心血管及附带风险的发展中起着关键的机制性作用。本综述的目的是强调老年人高血压的多维度风险，并讨论治疗的潜在策略以及未来改善老年高血压患者整体护理的研究领域。
