Laughter Research Network, Barcelona, Spain.
Complement Ther Med. 2011 Jun;19(3):170-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2011.05.003. Epub 2011 May 25.
Scientific research has shown that laughter may have both preventive and therapeutic values. Health-related benefits of laughter are mainly reported from spontaneous laughter interventional studies. While the human mind can make a distinction between simulated and spontaneous laughter, the human body cannot. Either way health-related outcomes are deemed to be produced. Simulated laughter is thus a relatively under-researched treatment modality with potential health benefits. The aim of this review was firstly to identify, critically evaluate and summarize the laughter literature; secondly to assess to which extent simulated laughter health-related benefits are currently sustained by empirical evidence; and lastly to provide recommendations and future directions for further research.
A comprehensive laughter literature search was performed. A list of inclusion and exclusion criteria was identified. Thematic analysis was applied to summarize laughter health-related outcomes, relationships, and general robustness.
Laughter has shown different physiological and psychological benefits. Adverse effects are very limited and laughter is practically lacking in counter-indications. Despite the limited number of publications, there is some evidence to suggest that simulated laughter has also some effects on certain aspects of health, though further well-designed research is warranted.
Simulated laughter techniques can be easily implemented in traditional clinical settings for health and patient care. Their effective use for therapeutic purposes needs to be learned, practiced, and developed as any other medical strategy. Practical guidelines and further research are needed to help health care professionals (and others) implement laughter techniques in their health care portfolio.
科学研究表明，笑可能具有预防和治疗价值。与健康相关的益处主要是从自发性笑干预研究中报告的。虽然人的大脑可以区分模拟笑和自发性笑，但人的身体不能。无论哪种方式，都被认为会产生与健康相关的结果。因此，模拟笑是一种相对研究较少但具有潜在健康益处的治疗方式。本综述的目的首先是识别、批判性评估和总结笑的文献；其次，评估目前模拟笑与健康相关的益处有多少是由实证证据支持的；最后，为进一步研究提供建议和未来方向。
进行了全面的笑文献检索。确定了一套纳入和排除标准。应用主题分析来总结笑与健康相关的结果、关系和总体稳健性。
笑已显示出不同的生理和心理益处。不良反应非常有限，而且笑实际上没有禁忌症。尽管发表的文献数量有限，但有一些证据表明，模拟笑也对某些健康方面有一些影响，但需要进一步进行精心设计的研究。
模拟笑技术可以很容易地在传统的临床环境中实施，以促进健康和患者护理。为了治疗目的有效使用它们需要学习、实践和开发，就像任何其他医疗策略一样。需要制定实用指南和进一步的研究，以帮助医疗保健专业人员（和其他人）将笑技术纳入他们的医疗保健组合中。
