Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Mar;31(3):225-31. doi: 10.1007/s10096-011-1297-8. Epub 2011 Jun 4.
The prompt diagnosis of influenza enables the institution of antiviral therapy and adequate cohorting of patients, but scarce data are available to help clinicians correctly suspect influenza in children at the time of admission. This 16-year retrospective study assessed the main admission diagnoses of 401 children aged ≤16 years hospitalized with virologically confirmed influenza. The clinical data were derived from a systematic review of the medical records of the children. Sepsis-like illness was the main reason for admission in 52% of infants aged <6 months and in 7-16% of the older children. Respiratory symptoms accounted for 38% of admissions, and 15% of children were hospitalized due to acute neurologic conditions, primarily febrile convulsions. Wheezing or exacerbation of asthma was the primary reason for admission in 14% of children aged <3 years. No differences were observed in the admission diagnoses between children with influenza A and B infections. The main admission diagnoses vary widely in different age groups of children with influenza, and only a minority of children are hospitalized for respiratory symptoms. The leading role of sepsis-like illness in infants aged <6 months calls for increased efforts to find protective measures against influenza in this age group.
流感的及时诊断能够实施抗病毒治疗并对患者进行适当的群体隔离，但目前可用的数据很少，无法帮助临床医生在患儿入院时正确怀疑流感。本项为期 16 年的回顾性研究评估了 401 名≤16 岁因病毒学确诊流感住院患儿的主要入院诊断。临床数据源自对患儿病历的系统回顾。<6 月龄婴儿中 52%、7-16 岁儿童中 7-16%因类似脓毒症的疾病入院。呼吸症状占 38%，15%的患儿因急性神经系统疾病（主要为热性惊厥）入院。<3 岁儿童中 14%因喘息或哮喘恶化入院。A 型和 B 型流感感染患儿的入院诊断无差异。流感不同年龄组患儿的主要入院诊断差异很大，仅有少数患儿因呼吸症状住院。<6 月龄婴儿中类似脓毒症的疾病起主导作用，这呼吁我们努力为该年龄段寻找预防流感的措施。
