Wickins S C, Dennis M M, Landos M, Slapeta J, Whittington R J
Farm Animal and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2011 Apr 6;94(2):143-52. doi: 10.3354/dao02319.
The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of histopathological lesions and categorize histopathologically evident infections in sick ornamental fish from pet shops in New South Wales, Australia. We examined 108 fish that had evidence of morbidity or mortality, including 67 cyprinids, 25 osphronemids, 11 poeciliids, 4 characids and 1 cichlid, sourced from 24 retail outlets. Conditions frequently observed in the study population included branchitis (62/86, 72.1%), visceral granulomas (41/108, 38.0%), dermatitis (17/55, 30.9%), wasting (31/108, 28.7%), and intestinal coccidiosis (18/104, 17.4 %). Branchitis and dermatitis were usually due to monogenean flukes, or flagellate or ciliate protozoa. Intralesional Microsporidia (16/41, 39.0%), mycobacteria (7/41, 17.%), or Myxosporidia (5/41, 12.2%) were identified in the majority of fish with visceral granulomas; however, special stains were critical in their identification. The proportion of histologically evident infections was remarkably high (77/108, 71.3%), and parasitic infections predominated. Many pathogens identified in the study have low host specificity and/or direct life cycles which would facilitate transmission to exposed naive fish populations, potentially posing a threat to native and commercial fish populations. Those caring for sick ornamental fish should take appropriate steps to investigate infectious disease and should take precautions that prevent the spread of pathogens.
本研究的目的是描述组织病理学病变的频率，并对澳大利亚新南威尔士州宠物店中患病观赏鱼的组织病理学明显感染进行分类。我们检查了108条有发病或死亡迹象的鱼，包括67条鲤科鱼、25条斗鱼科鱼、11条花鳉科鱼、4条脂鲤科鱼和1条丽鱼科鱼，这些鱼来自24个零售点。在研究群体中经常观察到的病症包括鳃炎（62/86，72.1%）、内脏肉芽肿（41/108，38.0%）、皮炎（17/55，30.9%）、消瘦（31/108，28.7%）和肠道球虫病（18/104，17.4%）。鳃炎和皮炎通常是由单殖吸虫、鞭毛虫或纤毛虫原生动物引起的。在大多数有内脏肉芽肿的鱼中，病灶内发现了微孢子虫（16/41，39.0%）、分枝杆菌（7/41，17%）或粘孢子虫（5/41，12.2%）；然而，特殊染色对它们的鉴定至关重要。组织学明显感染的比例非常高（77/108，71.3%），且寄生虫感染占主导。在该研究中鉴定出的许多病原体宿主特异性低和/或具有直接生活史，这将便于传播给暴露的未感染鱼群，可能对本地和商业鱼群构成威胁。照顾患病观赏鱼的人员应采取适当措施调查传染病，并应采取预防措施防止病原体传播。
