Multiple Myeloma Section, Medical Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2011 Sep;52(9):1630-40. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.573036. Epub 2011 Jun 8.
Traditionally, the skeletal survey has been the standard modality for the detection of osteolytic bone disease in multiple myeloma. In addition to its poor sensitivity for the detection of osteolytic lesions, this modality is not able to identify extramedullary lesions and focal bone marrow involvement, nor measure response to therapy. The application of novel imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and molecular imaging such as fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) and fluorine-18 sodium fluoride positron emission tomography CT ((18)F-NaF PET/CT) has the potential to overcome these limitations as well as provide prognostic information in precursor states and multiple myeloma. Also promising is the use of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) to measure vascular permeability, an important feature of myelomagenesis. This review summarizes the current status and possible future role of novel imaging modalities in multiple myeloma and its precursor states.
传统上,骨骼扫描一直是多发性骨髓瘤溶骨性骨病检测的标准方式。除了对溶骨性病变的检测灵敏度较差外,这种方式还无法识别骨髓外病变和局灶性骨髓受累,也无法衡量治疗反应。新型成像技术的应用,如计算机断层扫描(CT)、磁共振成像(MRI)以及氟-18 氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描 CT((18)F-FDG PET/CT)和氟-18 氟化钠正电子发射断层扫描 CT((18)F-NaF PET/CT)等分子成像技术,具有克服这些局限性的潜力,并为前驱状态和多发性骨髓瘤提供预后信息。使用动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE MRI)来测量血管通透性也是一种很有前途的方法,血管通透性是骨髓瘤发生的一个重要特征。本文综述了新型成像方式在多发性骨髓瘤及其前驱状态中的现状和可能的未来作用。