Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2011 May-Jun;39(4):330-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02527.x. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
To estimate the rate of uncorrected refractive error and the associations with gender, age, ethnicity and place of residence.
Population-based study.
Secondary school students in the Central Division of Fiji.
All 58 secondary schools in the Central Division of Fiji were invited to participate and one class per year level at each participating school was randomly selected for screening. Visual acuity was tested using a logMAR chart and pinhole. Outcomes of screening included normal vision, corrected refractive error, uncorrected refractive error (VA <6/12 and improvement to ≥ 6/12 with pinhole (myopia) or hyperopia (tested with +2.00-D lens) and low vision (corrected VA <6/18).
Prevalence of uncorrected refractive error.
The participation rate of schools was 91% with 8201 students aged 12-20 years; 8021 students had normal vision; 180 had impaired vision (166 refractive error and 14 low vision). The rate of refractive error was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7-2.3). Indian students were nearly 6 times more likely (OR: 5.89; 95% CI: 4.17-8.34; P < 0.001) to have refractive error than Fijians. The rate of uncorrected refractive error was 0.9% (95% CI: 0.7-1.1) in Fijian students (OR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.37-6.10; P = 0.01) and those living in rural areas (OR: 3.28; 95% CI: 1.32-8.16; P = 0.01) were more likely to have uncorrected refractive error. The rate decreased by 20% (95% CI: 4.0-33.0) with each year of increasing age.
The prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in children is relatively low in Fiji with higher rates in Fijian and rural children.
评估未矫正屈光不正的发生率以及其与性别、年龄、种族和居住地的关系。
基于人群的研究。
斐济中央省的中学学生。
斐济中央省的所有 58 所中学都被邀请参加，每所参与学校的每个年级水平都随机选择一个班级进行筛查。使用 logMAR 图表和针孔测试视力。筛查结果包括正常视力、矫正屈光不正、未矫正屈光不正（VA <6/12，使用针孔（近视）或远视（用+2.00-D 镜片测试）提高至≥6/12，以及低视力（矫正 VA <6/18）。
未矫正屈光不正的患病率。
学校参与率为 91%，共有 8201 名 12-20 岁的学生；8021 名学生视力正常；180 名学生视力受损（166 名屈光不正，14 名低视力）。屈光不正率为 2.0%（95%CI：1.7-2.3）。印度学生患屈光不正的可能性是斐济人的近 6 倍（OR：5.89；95%CI：4.17-8.34；P <0.001）。斐济学生和居住在农村地区的学生未矫正屈光不正的发生率分别为 0.9%（95%CI：0.7-1.1）（OR：2.89；95%CI：1.37-6.10；P = 0.01）和 3.28%（95%CI：1.32-8.16；P = 0.01）。年龄每增加 1 岁，未矫正屈光不正的发生率就会降低 20%（95%CI：4.0-33.0）。
在斐济，儿童未矫正屈光不正的患病率相对较低，而斐济人和农村儿童的患病率较高。
