Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 772404-5003, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 Jul;3(7):2300-8. doi: 10.1021/am200233k. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
The facile preparation of poly (N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) solution and conjugated polymer network (CPN) nanocomposite film is described. The stable solutions of PVK/MWNT were prepared in mixed solvents by simple sonication method, which enabled successful deaggregation of the MWNTs with the polymer matrix. MWNT was most effectively dissolved in N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone (CHP) compared to other solvents like N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The composite solution was relatively stable for months with no observable precipitation of the MWNTs. Thermogravimmetric analysis (TGA) revealed the thermal stability of the nanocomposite while the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed an increasing melting (T(m)) and glass transition (T(g)) temperatures as the fraction of the MWNTs in the nanocomposite was increased. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) allowed the electrodeposition of the nanocomposite film on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates and subsequent cross-linking of the carbazole pendant group of the PVK to form CPN films. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), fluorescence, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed film composition while atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed its surface morphology. Four-point probe measurements revealed an increase in the electrical conductivity of the CPN nanocomposite film as the composition of the MWNTs was increased: 5.53 × 10(-4) (3% MWNTs), 0.53 (5%), and 1.79 S cm(-1) (7%). Finally, the interfacial charge transfer resistance and ion transport on the CPN nanocomposite film was analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a measured real impedance value of ∼48.10 Ω for the 97% PVK and 3% MWNT ratio of the CPN nanocomposite film.
聚（N-乙烯基咔唑）（PVK）和多壁碳纳米管（MWNTs）溶液以及共轭聚合物网络（CPN）纳米复合材料薄膜的简便制备方法。通过简单的超声处理方法，在混合溶剂中制备了稳定的 PVK/MWNT 溶液，这使得 MWNTs 能够与聚合物基质成功解聚。与其他溶剂（如 N-甲基吡咯烷酮（NMP）、二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜（DMSO））相比，MWNT 最有效地溶解于 N-环己基-2-吡咯烷酮（CHP）中。复合溶液在数月内相对稳定，没有观察到 MWNTs 的可见沉淀。热重分析（TGA）揭示了纳米复合材料的热稳定性，而差示扫描量热法（DSC）显示随着纳米复合材料中 MWNTs 的分数增加，熔融（T(m)）和玻璃化转变（T(g)）温度升高。循环伏安法（CV）允许在铟锡氧化物（ITO）衬底上电沉积纳米复合材料薄膜，并随后交联 PVK 的咔唑侧基形成 CPN 薄膜。紫外-可见（UV-vis）、荧光和傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）证实了薄膜组成，而原子力显微镜（AFM）揭示了其表面形貌。四点探针测量显示，随着 MWNTs 组成的增加，CPN 纳米复合材料薄膜的电导率增加：5.53×10(-4)（3%MWNTs）、0.53（5%）和 1.79 S cm(-1)（7%）。最后，通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）分析了 CPN 纳米复合材料薄膜的界面电荷转移电阻和离子传输，测量得到 97%PVK 和 3%MWNT 比例的 CPN 纳米复合材料薄膜的实际阻抗值约为 48.10 Ω。
