Department of Sociology, Alfred University, 1 Saxon Drive, Alfred, NY 14802, USA.
Hum Reprod. 2011 Aug;26(8):2101-12. doi: 10.1093/humrep/der148. Epub 2011 Jun 9.
We examine variation in fertility-specific distress (FSD) and general distress according to different experiences of infertility among 1027 US women who have experienced infertility within the previous 10 years.
General distress was measured by a short form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression. Multiple regression analysis was conducted on self-report data (based on a telephone interview) from a probability-based sample of US women aged 25-45 years. We compare women with infertility who have had a prior pregnancy (secondary infertility, n = 628) to women with infertility with no prior pregnancies (primary infertility, n = 399). We further distinguish between women with infertility who were actually 'trying' to become pregnant (the infertile with intent) with those who met the medical definition of infertile but did not describe themselves as trying to become pregnant (infertile without intent).
Both types of infertility (primary versus secondary) (β = 0.31*) and intentionality (infertile with and without intent) (β = 0.08*) are associated with FSD. These associations persist when we control for resource and demographic variables, life course variables, social support and social pressure variables. General distress does not vary by infertility type or intentionality.
Results reveal variation in women's recalled experiences of infertility and that FSD is more sensitive to effects of different experiences than general distress. Women with primary infertility who were explicitly trying to become pregnant at the time of the infertility episode stand out as a particularly distressed group. Caregivers should be aware that the emotional needs of women with primary infertility may differ from those with secondary infertility.
我们考察了 1027 名美国女性在过去 10 年内经历不孕不育的不同经历下，生育相关困扰（FSD）和一般困扰的变化。
一般困扰通过短版的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表进行测量。对基于概率的美国 25-45 岁女性的电话访谈自我报告数据进行多元回归分析。我们比较了有过生育经历的不孕女性（继发性不孕，n=628）和没有生育经历的不孕女性（原发性不孕，n=399）。我们进一步将有生育意愿的不孕女性（有意向的不孕女性）与符合医学定义但未描述自己有生育意愿的不孕女性（无生育意向的不孕女性）进行区分。
原发性和继发性不孕（β=0.31*）以及生育意愿（有生育意向和无生育意向的不孕）（β=0.08*）均与 FSD 相关。当我们控制资源和人口统计学变量、生命历程变量、社会支持和社会压力变量时，这些关联仍然存在。一般困扰与不孕类型或生育意愿无关。
结果揭示了女性对不孕经历的不同回忆，并且 FSD 比一般困扰对不同经历的影响更敏感。在不孕发生时明确有生育意愿的原发性不孕女性是一个特别困扰的群体。护理人员应该意识到，原发性不孕女性的情感需求可能与继发性不孕女性不同。
