Duraković Zijad, Duraković Marjeta Misigoj, Skavić Josip, Gojanović Marija Definis
Institute for Anthropological Research, Department of Medical Anthropology and Epidemiology, Zagreb, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2011 Mar;35(1):103-6.
The paper deals with the sudden cardiac death in elders due to physical activity in Croatia and to compare it to other population groups who practice physical activity. The data are a part of a retrospective study dealing with 59 sudden death due to physical activity in men in Croatia: from January 1, 1988 to December 31, 2008. Fifteen aged 65 to 82 years were recreationally engaged in physical activity: six in swimming, four in tennis, one in driving a bicycle, one in jogging, two in bowling and one died during sexual act. Only one had symptoms of pectoral angina, two suffered from arterial hypertension, and two had congestive heart failure. Eleven were without symptoms before exercise. At forensic autopsy, fourteen had coronary heart disease, seven had critical coronary artery stenosis, three had occluded left descendens anterior coronary artery and four critical coronary stenosis, four had a recent myocardial infarctions, and eleven had myocardial scars due to previous myocardial infarctions. Twelve of them had left ventricular hypertrophy: 15-25 mm. In Croatia, about 7per cent of the entire male population undertake recreational physical activity, while 13 per cent of them are elders. A sudden cardiac death due to recreational physical activity in elders reached 1.71/100 000 yearly, in the entire male population engaged in recreational physical exercise: 0.75/100 000 (p = 0.05730), in the total male population aged 15-40 engaged in sports and recreational physical exercise: 0.57/100.0000 (p = 0.00387), in young athletes: 0.15/100 000 (p = 0.00000). Medical examination of all elderly persons has to be done before starting of recreational physical activity: by clinical examination, searching for risk factors for atherosclerosis, performing ECG at rest, stress ECG, and echocardiography and to repeat the medical examination at least once a year Physical activity should start with a warm-up period and with a gradually increasing load, and usually not to exceed 6-7 metabolic equivalents (METs).
该论文探讨了克罗地亚老年人因体育活动导致的心源性猝死情况，并将其与其他进行体育活动的人群作比较。这些数据是一项回顾性研究的一部分，该研究涉及1988年1月1日至2008年12月31日期间克罗地亚男性因体育活动导致的59例猝死。15名年龄在65至82岁的老人进行休闲体育活动：6人游泳，4人打网球，1人骑自行车，1人慢跑，2人打保龄球，1人在性行为中死亡。只有1人有胸痛症状，2人患有动脉高血压，2人患有充血性心力衰竭。11人在运动前无症状。法医尸检显示，14人有冠心病，7人有严重冠状动脉狭窄，3人左前降支冠状动脉闭塞，4人有严重冠状动脉狭窄，4人近期有心肌梗死，11人因既往心肌梗死有心肌瘢痕。其中12人有左心室肥厚：15 - 25毫米。在克罗地亚，约7%的男性人口进行休闲体育活动，其中13%为老年人。老年人因休闲体育活动导致的心源性猝死率为每年1.71/10万，在所有进行休闲体育锻炼的男性人口中：0.75/10万（p = 0.05730），在15 - 40岁进行体育和休闲体育锻炼的男性总人口中：0.57/10万（p = 0.00387），在年轻运动员中：0.15/10万（p = 0.00000）。所有老年人在开始休闲体育活动前都必须进行医学检查：通过临床检查，寻找动脉粥样硬化的危险因素，进行静息心电图、运动心电图和超声心动图检查，并至少每年重复进行一次医学检查。体育活动应从热身期开始，负荷逐渐增加，通常不超过6 - 7代谢当量（METs）。
