Krenitsky-Korn Susan
Division of Nursing, Molloy College, Rockville Centre, NY, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 2011 Mar-Apr;37(2):61-8.
Asthma is the most frequent reason for absence from school; it accounts for one-third of all days of missed instruction, placing students at risk for academic failure and social isolation. This study compared high school students with asthma with those without asthma, and examined the relationship of their attitudes toward school health services, absenteeism, academic achievement, and the supposition that school nurse services play an essential part in the academic process. Surveys were completed by all students who participated in the study. Twenty-eight students with asthma reported levels of illness and school nurse support in an additional survey. Data revealed that students with asthma were absent more frequently, scored lower in mathematics, and participated less in school activities than their peers without asthma. Their level of illness did not predict the number of days absent, which was negatively correlated with achievement and positively correlated with students' permissive attitudes toward absenteeism. Findings indicate that school nurse interventions were sources of physical, social, emotional, and academic support.
哮喘是学生缺课最常见的原因；它占所有缺课天数的三分之一，使学生面临学业失败和社交孤立的风险。本研究将患有哮喘的高中生与未患哮喘的高中生进行了比较，并考察了他们对学校健康服务的态度、缺勤情况、学业成绩之间的关系，以及学校护士服务在学业过程中发挥重要作用的假设。参与研究的所有学生都完成了调查问卷。另外28名患有哮喘的学生在一项补充调查中报告了疾病程度和学校护士的支持情况。数据显示，与未患哮喘的同龄人相比，患有哮喘的学生缺课更频繁，数学成绩更低，参与学校活动更少。他们的疾病程度并不能预测缺课天数，缺课天数与成绩呈负相关，与学生对缺勤的宽容态度呈正相关。研究结果表明，学校护士的干预是身体、社交、情感和学业支持的来源。
