Terry J B, Padzernik T L, Nelson S R
University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City.
Neurosci Lett. 1990 Jun 22;114(1):123-7. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(90)90439-g.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats received LiCl (5 mEq/kg; sc) or saline 24 h prior to injection of cholinomimetics. Physostigmine (PHY, 0.54-0.80 mg/kg), diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP, 1.3-2.5 mg/kg), pilocarpine (PIL, 23-30 mg/kg), or saline was injected subcutaneously at time 0. Rats were observed for seizure activity for 2 h, survivors were killed 24 h later and edema was measured in samples from parietal and piriform cortices, dorsal thalmus, and hippocampus. None of the rats pretreated with saline had seizures when given doses of cholinomimetics alone. However, rats pretreated with LiCl had the following incidence of seizures: PHY 68%, DFP 71% and PIL 100%. Rats given cholinomimetic agents alone did not have brain edema. In contrast, all LiCl-pretreated rats that seized had pronounced brain edema which was greatest in the piriform cortex. Thus, these studies demonstrate that LiCl pretreatment potentiates cholinomimetic-induced seizures. Further, cholinomimetic-induced seizures produce brain changes resulting in edema.
在注射拟胆碱药前24小时，给雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠皮下注射氯化锂（5 mEq/kg）或生理盐水。在时间0时皮下注射毒扁豆碱（PHY，0.54 - 0.80 mg/kg）、二异丙基氟磷酸酯（DFP，1.3 - 2.5 mg/kg）、毛果芸香碱（PIL，23 - 30 mg/kg）或生理盐水。观察大鼠2小时的癫痫活动，24小时后处死存活大鼠，测量顶叶和梨状皮质、背侧丘脑和海马样本中的水肿情况。单独给予拟胆碱药剂量时，用生理盐水预处理的大鼠均未发生癫痫。然而，用氯化锂预处理的大鼠癫痫发作的发生率如下：PHY为68%，DFP为71%，PIL为100%。单独给予拟胆碱药的大鼠没有脑水肿。相比之下，所有经氯化锂预处理且癫痫发作的大鼠都有明显的脑水肿，其中梨状皮质最为严重。因此，这些研究表明，氯化锂预处理增强了拟胆碱药诱发的癫痫发作。此外，拟胆碱药诱发的癫痫发作会导致脑部变化，进而引发水肿。
