Adis, a Wolters Kluwer Business, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drugs. 2011 May 28;71(8):1043-58. doi: 10.2165/11206340-000000000-00000.
Dysport®, a formulation of botulinum toxin A, blocks acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions causing denervation and temporary muscle paralysis. It is used to treat several medical conditions, including dystonias and focal spasticity. Subcutaneous Dysport® was effective in improving functional disability in adults with blepharospasm in a placebo-controlled trial with 16 weeks' follow-up, and in adults with hemifacial spasm in case series. Similarly, intramuscular Dysport® was effective in improving symptoms of cervical dystonia in adults, focal spasticity in adults with post-stroke upper limb spasticity and dynamic equinus spasticity in paediatric patients with cerebral palsy in placebo-controlled trials with up to 20 weeks' follow-up. However, in two 12-week, placebo-controlled trials in adults with focal lower limb spasticity (spastic equinovarus deformity after stroke and hip adductor spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis) intramuscular Dysport® had limited efficacy. Available longer-term data indicated that Dysport® treatment was effective over several treatment cycles in patients with cervical dystonia or upper limb spasticity. Dysport® was generally well tolerated in patients with dystonias or focal spasticity. Most adverse events were mild to moderate and transient.
得保松（Dysport®）是一种肉毒毒素 A 制剂，可阻断神经肌肉接头处的乙酰胆碱释放，导致去神经和暂时性肌肉麻痹。它用于治疗多种医学病症，包括肌张力障碍和局灶性痉挛。在一项为期 16 周的安慰剂对照试验中，皮下注射得保松（Dysport®）治疗眼睑痉挛的成人患者，以及在一系列病例中治疗半面痉挛的成人患者，均有效改善了其功能障碍。同样，在成人患者的颈部肌张力障碍、成人中风后上肢痉挛和脑瘫患儿的动态马蹄内翻痉挛的安慰剂对照试验中，肌肉内注射得保松（Dysport®）也有效改善了这些患者的症状，这些试验的随访时间长达 20 周。但是，在两项为期 12 周的安慰剂对照试验中，肌肉内注射得保松（Dysport®）治疗局灶性下肢痉挛（中风后痉挛性马蹄内翻足畸形和多发性硬化相关髋内收肌痉挛）的疗效有限。现有的长期数据表明，在几个治疗周期中，得保松（Dysport®）治疗对患有颈部肌张力障碍或上肢痉挛的患者是有效的。得保松（Dysport®）在患有肌张力障碍或局灶性痉挛的患者中通常具有良好的耐受性。大多数不良事件为轻至中度和短暂性。
