Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Assam, 788010, India.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2011 Aug 10;166(1-2):36-59. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2011.04.005. Epub 2011 Apr 30.
Industrial wastes, such as, fly ash, blast furnace slag and sludge, black liquor lignin, red mud, and waste slurry, etc. are currently being investigated as potential adsorbents for the removal of the heavy metals from wastewater. It was found that modified industrial wastes showed higher adsorption capacity. The application of low-cost adsorbents obtained from the industrial wastes as a replacement for costly conventional methods of removing heavy metal ions from wastewater has been reviewed. The adsorption mechanism, influencing factors, favorable conditions, and competitive ions etc. on the adsorption of heavy metals have also been discussed in this article. From the review, it is evident that certain industrial waste materials have demonstrated high removal capacities for the heavy metals laden with wastewater. However, it is to be mentioned that adsorption capacities of the adsorbents vary depending on the characteristics of the adsorbents, the extent of chemical modification and the concentration of adsorbates. There are also few issues and drawbacks on the utilization of industrial wastes as low-cost adsorbents that have been addressed. In order to find out the practical utilization of industrial waste as low-cost adsorbents on the commercial scale, more research should be conducted in this direction.
工业废物，如粉煤灰、高炉渣和污泥、黑液木质素、赤泥和废浆等，目前正在被研究作为从废水中去除重金属的潜在吸附剂。研究发现，改性后的工业废物具有更高的吸附能力。本文综述了从工业废物中获得的低成本吸附剂替代昂贵的传统方法从废水中去除重金属离子的应用。本文还讨论了重金属吸附的吸附机理、影响因素、有利条件和竞争离子等。从综述中可以明显看出，某些工业废料对含有重金属的废水具有很高的去除能力。然而，需要指出的是，吸附剂的吸附能力取决于吸附剂的特性、化学改性的程度和吸附质的浓度。作为低成本吸附剂使用工业废物也存在一些问题和缺点。为了在商业规模上找到实际利用工业废物作为低成本吸附剂的方法，应该在这方面进行更多的研究。
