Pan Wen-Harn, Wu Hsing-Juan, Yeh Chih-Jung, Chuang Shao-Yuan, Chang Hsing-Yi, Yeh Nai-Hua, Hsieh Yao-Te
Nutrition Medicine Research Program, Division of Health Sciences Research and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institute, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20(2):238-50.
The availability of new food choices has increased dramatically in recent times, whilst increasingly sedentary lifestyles have reduced calorie intake requirements. The present study uses 24 hour dietary recall data, and biochemical and anthropometric measurements from the 1993-1996 and 2005-2008 Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan (NAHSIT) to investigate trends in dietary habits, and cardiovascular and metabolic disease markers in Taiwanese persons aged 19 years and above. We found that dietary habits in Taiwan are changing, particularly in regards to intakes of cakes and sweets, and sugary drinks. Energy intakes in young people have increased, and combined with an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, this may have led to the increase in obesity and associated metabolic diseases. Large increases in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia and gout have been observed. Fortunately, some positive dietary and behavioral changes have also been observed; including an increased avoidance of products made from animal fats and oils' and a concomitant increase in the use of vegetable oil. Intakes of fruit and vegetables, soy products, fish, whole grains, nuts and seeds have also increased; and intakes of red meat, carbohydrates and sodium containing foods have decreased. These positive dietary changes could explain the lack of large changes in the prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and the decrease in prevalence of hyperuricemia. Intake of dairy products remains low, and continues to be an important dietary issue in Taiwan.
近年来，新的食物选择显著增加，而久坐不动的生活方式日益普遍，这降低了热量摄入需求。本研究利用1993 - 1996年和2005 - 2008年台湾营养与健康调查（NAHSIT）中的24小时饮食回忆数据、生化指标及人体测量数据，调查19岁及以上台湾人群的饮食习惯趋势以及心血管和代谢疾病标志物。我们发现台湾人的饮食习惯正在改变，尤其是在蛋糕、甜食和含糖饮料的摄入量方面。年轻人的能量摄入增加，再加上久坐不动的生活方式日益普遍，这可能导致了肥胖及相关代谢疾病的增加。代谢综合征、糖尿病、高甘油三酯血症和痛风的患病率大幅上升。幸运的是，也观察到了一些积极的饮食和行为变化；包括减少食用动物油脂制成的产品，同时植物油使用量增加。水果、蔬菜、豆制品、鱼类、全谷物、坚果和种子的摄入量也有所增加；红肉、碳水化合物和含钠食物的摄入量减少。这些积极的饮食变化可以解释高血压和高胆固醇血症患病率没有大幅变化以及高尿酸血症患病率下降的原因。乳制品的摄入量仍然较低，这仍是台湾一个重要的饮食问题。
