*Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11549, USA; School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041004, P. R. China.
Integr Comp Biol. 2009 Aug;49(2):114-26. doi: 10.1093/icb/icp021. Epub 2009 May 22.
The parasitic isopod Orthione griffenis Markham, 2004 was originally described from thalassinid mud shrimp hosts collected in Oregon. Subsequently, O. griffenis has been cited as a non-indigenous species in estuaries of the Pacific Northwest of North America; however, no taxonomic work has provided evidence that specimens from the western coast of the United States and other localities are conspecific. We report the first record of O. griffenis from Chinese waters based on collections made in the 1950s, which pre-date any records of the species from the United States by at least 20 years. Females of the Chinese specimens match the original description except in the number of articles on antennae 2 (six and five articles in the Chinese material and holotype, respectively). However, newly examined material from the United States showed females are variable in this character, exhibiting 5-6 articles on antennae 2. Although males of O. griffenis from Oregon were originally described as having second antennae with five articles, reexamination of the allotype showed that antennae 2 were damaged and missing terminal articles. Thus, the number of articles in the second antennae of males is six, as found in both the Chinese and new samples from the United States. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of males from USA and China revealed curled setae on the distolateral margins of the uropods, which were not reported in the original description. In China the species is found on Austinogebia wuhsienweni (Yu) from Shandong province, whereas along the western coast of North America the species extends from British Columbia to California on Upogebia pugettensis (Dana) and U. macginitieorum Williams (the latter species replacing U. pugettensis south of Pt. Conception, California). Orthione griffenis has also been reported from Japan on Upogebia issaeffi (Balss) and Austinogebia narutensis (Sakai). In Coos Bay, Oregon, the prevalence of the species was ∼65% in the mature U. pugettensis. The species was presumably introduced as larvae released in ballast water from ships originating in Asia. The epicaridium larvae of O. griffenis were examined with SEM, and aspects of the life history of the species are reviewed.
原口科寄生等足目 Orthione griffenis Markham, 2004 最初是根据在俄勒冈采集的沙虾泥虾宿主描述的。随后，O. griffenis 被引用为北美的西北太平洋河口的非本地物种；然而，没有分类学工作提供证据表明，来自美国西海岸和其他地方的标本是同种的。我们根据 20 世纪 50 年代的采集记录，首次报告了 O. griffenis 在中国水域的记录，这比该物种在美国的记录早至少 20 年。中国标本的雌性与原始描述相符，除了触角 2 的节数（中国标本和模式标本分别为 6 节和 5 节）。然而，新检查的来自美国的材料显示，雌性在这个特征上是可变的，表现为触角 2 有 5-6 节。尽管俄勒冈州的 O. griffenis 雄性最初被描述为具有 5 节的第二触角，但对正模的重新检查表明，触角 2 受损并缺失末端节。因此，正如在中国和美国的新样本中发现的那样，雄性的第二触角的节数为 6。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对来自美国和中国的雄性的研究表明，尾节的腹外侧边缘上有卷曲的刚毛，这在原始描述中没有报道。在中国，该物种发现于山东的 Austinogebia wuhsienweni（Yu）上，而在北美西海岸，该物种从不列颠哥伦比亚省延伸到加利福尼亚州，分布于 Upogebia pugettensis（Dana）和 U. macginitieorum Williams（后者在加利福尼亚州 Point Conception 以南取代了 U. pugettensis）。O. griffenis 也在日本的 Upogebia issaeffi（Balss）和 Austinogebia narutensis（Sakai）上有报道。在俄勒冈州的库斯湾，该物种在成熟的 U. pugettensis 中的流行率约为 65%。该物种可能是作为来自亚洲的船舶压载水中释放的幼虫而引入的。我们用 SEM 检查了 O. griffenis 的 epicaridium 幼虫，并回顾了该物种的生活史的各个方面。
