Short- to mid-term results using autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cell implantation therapy as a limb salvage procedure in patients with severe peripheral arterial disease.

Short- to mid-term results of a prospective study evaluating dual intramuscular and intra-arterial autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) implantation for the treatment of patients with severe peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) in whom amputation was considered the only viable treatment option are presented. Ankle-brachial indices (ABIs), rest pain, and ulcer healing were assessed at 3 months. Success was defined as improvement in ABI measurements; absence of rest pain; absence of ulcers; and absence of major limb amputations. Twenty patients (21 limbs) have been enrolled. Three-month follow-up evaluation accounting included 18 patients (19 limbs). Four (22.2%) major and 2 (11.1%) minor amputations were performed within 3 months postoperatively. With 17 (94.4%) of 18 limbs demonstrating at least one criterion for success and major amputation avoided in 14 (77.8%) of 18 limbs at the 3-month evaluation, this specific BM-MNC implantation technique is an effective limb salvage strategy for patients with severe PAD.