Kuwatsuru R
Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University.
Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. 1990 May 25;50(5):477-89.
The effect of conventional high-osmolality contrast media (diatrizoate) and new low-osmolality contrast media (iopamidol) on plasma histamine, cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels have been examined in a group of 37 mongrel dogs. Plasma histamine levels have a tendency of elevation at five minutes after initiation of injection of diatrizoate and iopamidol in low dose (5 ml/kg). However, statistically no significant changes were found in either diatrizoate or iopamidol in low dose (5 ml/kg) or high dose (15 ml/kg). Plasma cyclic AMP levels have elevated significantly in twenty minutes after termination of injection of iopamidol in low dose (5 ml/kg) and in high dose (15 ml/kg). Also plasma cyclic AMP levels have elevated significantly in twenty minutes after termination of injection of diatrizoate in high dose (15 ml/kg). These findings indicate iopamidol has potential of elevating plasma cyclic AMP as compared with diatrizoate. Plasma cyclic GMP levels have elevated significantly in twenty minutes after termination of injection of diatrizoate in low dose (5 ml/kg) and in high dose (15 ml/kg). Also plasma cyclic GMP levels have elevated significantly in twenty minutes after termination of injection of iopamidol in high dose (15 ml/kg). These findings indicate diatrizoate has potential of elevating plasma cyclic GMP as compared with iopamidol. It is suggested that iopamidol has potential of elevation of plasma cyclic AMP that suppresses histamine release and diatrizoate has potential of elevation of plasma cyclic GMP that enhances histamine release. And so iopamidol is though to be minor histamine releaser than diatrizoate.
在一组37只杂种狗中，研究了传统高渗造影剂（泛影葡胺）和新型低渗造影剂（碘帕醇）对血浆组胺、环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）和环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）水平的影响。在以低剂量（5 ml/kg）注射泛影葡胺和碘帕醇后五分钟，血浆组胺水平有升高的趋势。然而，在低剂量（5 ml/kg）或高剂量（15 ml/kg）的泛影葡胺或碘帕醇组中，统计学上均未发现显著变化。在以低剂量（5 ml/kg）和高剂量（15 ml/kg）注射碘帕醇结束后20分钟，血浆cAMP水平显著升高。在以高剂量（15 ml/kg）注射泛影葡胺结束后20分钟，血浆cAMP水平也显著升高。这些发现表明，与泛影葡胺相比，碘帕醇有升高血浆cAMP的潜力。在以低剂量（5 ml/kg）和高剂量（15 ml/kg）注射泛影葡胺结束后20分钟，血浆cGMP水平显著升高。在以高剂量（15 ml/kg）注射碘帕醇结束后20分钟，血浆cGMP水平也显著升高。这些发现表明，与碘帕醇相比，泛影葡胺有升高血浆cGMP的潜力。提示碘帕醇有升高血浆cAMP从而抑制组胺释放的潜力，而泛影葡胺有升高血浆cGMP从而增强组胺释放的潜力。因此，碘帕醇被认为是比泛影葡胺释放组胺作用更小的物质。
