Sankaranarayanan R, Swaminathan R, Jayant K, Brenner H
Early Detection and Prevention Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
IARC Sci Publ. 2011(162):257-91.
Population-based cancer survival data, a key indicator for monitoring progress against cancer, are reported from 27 population-based cancer registries in 14 countries in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean and Central America. In China, Singapore, the Republic of Korea, and Turkey, the 5-year age-standardized relative survival ranged from 76-82% for breast, 63-79% for cervical, 71-78% for bladder, and 44-60% for large-bowel cancer. Survival did not exceed 22% for any cancer site in The Gambia, or 13% for any cancer site except breast (46%) in Uganda. For localized cancers of the breast, large bowel, larynx, ovary, urinary bladder and for regional diseases at all sites, higher survival rates were observed in countries with more rather than less developed health services. Inter- and intra-country variations in survival imply that the levels of development of health services and their efficiency to provide early diagnosis, treatment and clinical follow-up care have a profound impact on survival from cancer. These are reliable baseline summary estimates to evaluate improvements in cancer control and emphasise the need for urgent investment to improve awareness, population-based cancer registration, early detection programmes, health-services infrastructure, and human resources in these countries in the future.
基于人群的癌症生存数据是监测抗癌进展的关键指标，来自非洲、亚洲、加勒比地区和中美洲14个国家的27个基于人群的癌症登记处。在中国、新加坡、韩国和土耳其，乳腺癌的5年年龄标准化相对生存率为76%-82%，宫颈癌为63%-79%，膀胱癌为71%-78%，大肠癌为44%-60%。在冈比亚，任何癌症部位的生存率均未超过22%；在乌干达，除乳腺癌（46%）外，任何癌症部位的生存率均未超过13%。对于乳腺癌、大肠癌、喉癌、卵巢癌、膀胱癌的局部癌症以及所有部位的区域疾病，在卫生服务较发达而非欠发达的国家中观察到了更高的生存率。国家间和国家内的生存差异意味着卫生服务的发展水平及其提供早期诊断、治疗和临床随访护理的效率对癌症生存有着深远影响。这些是评估癌症控制改善情况的可靠基线汇总估计数，并强调未来需要在这些国家进行紧急投资，以提高认识、开展基于人群的癌症登记、实施早期检测计划、改善卫生服务基础设施和人力资源。
